Josef Stalin: Revizyonlar arasındaki fark

1991'de Sovyetler Birliği'nin dağılmasından önce, Stalin rejimi altında öldürülen insan sayısını hesaplamaya çalışan araştırmacılar 3 ila 60 milyon arasında değişen tahminlerde bulundu.<ref>{{Web kaynağı|url=http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat1.htm#Stalin|titlebaşlık=Twentieth Century Atlas – Death Tolls|arşivurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20160604104330/http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat1.htm|arşivtarihi=4 Haziran 2016}} See also: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn: ''The Gulag Archipelago 1918–1956'', 1973–1976 ISBN 0-8133-3289-3</ref> [[Sovyetler Birliği'nin dağılması]]ndan sonra 799.455 (1921–1953)<ref>[http://m.guardian.co.uk/education/2002/sep/12/highereducation.historyandhistoryofart Seumas Milne: The battle for history]. ''The Guardian''. (12 Eylül 2002). 14 Temmuz 2013'te erişildi.</ref> kişinin infazını içeren resmi kayıtlar gibi Sovyet arşivlerinden elde edilen kanıtlar da mevcuttu.

2.9 milyon resmi kurban var.<ref>{{Dergi kaynağı|authoryazar=Wheatcroft, Stephen G. |titlebaşlık=Victims of Stalinism and the Soviet Secret Police: The Comparability and Reliability of the Archival Data. Not the Last Word|journal= Europe-Asia Studies|volumecilt= 51|issuesayı= 2 |yearyıl=1999|quotealıntı= During 1921–53, the number of sentences was (political convictions): sentences, 4,060,306; death penalties, 799,473; camps and prisons, 2,634397; exile, 413,512; other, 215,942. In addition, during 1937–52 there were 14,269,753 non-political sentences, among them 34,228 death penalties, 2,066,637 sentences for 0–1 year, 4,362,973 for 2–5 years, 1,611,293 for 6–10 years, and 286,795 for more than 10 years. Other sentences were non-custodial|pagessayfalar=315–345|doi=10.1080/09668139999056}}</ref>

1939'da ve 1940'ların başında 300.000 Polonyalı tutsak alındıktan sonra,<ref name="PWN">{{pl icon}} [http://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo.php?id=3949396 obozy jenieckie zolnierzy polskich] (Prison camps for Polish soldiers) [[Internetowa encyklopedia PWN|Encyklopedia PWN]]. Retrieved 28 November 2006</ref><ref name="Wojsko">{{pl icon}} Edukacja Humanistyczna w wojsku. 1/2005. Dom wydawniczy Wojska Polskiego. {{ISSN|1734-6584}}. (Official publication of the Polish Army)</ref><ref name="Молотов">{{Rus}} Молотов на V сессии Верховного Совета 31 октября цифра «примерно 250 тыс.» (Please provide translation of the reference title and publication data and means)</ref><ref name="Отчёт">{{Rus}} Отчёт Украинского и Белорусского фронтов Красной Армии, Мельтюхов, p. 367. (Report of the Ukrainian and Belorussian fronts of the Red Army, Melyukhov)</ref> 5 Mart 1940'ta [[Lavrenti Beriya]]'nın Stalin'e gönderdiği bir nota istinaden 25.700 Polonyalı tutsağın idam edildiği iddia edilmektedir.<ref name="Fischer">[[Benjamin B. Fischer]], "[https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/winter99-00/art6.html The Katyn Controversy: Stalin's Killing Field]", ''[[Studies in Intelligence]]'', Winter 1999–2000</ref><ref name="kmw_resolution">Excerpt from the minutes No. 13 of the Politburo of the Central Committee meeting, shooting order of 5 March 1940{{web kaynağı|url=http://www.electronicmuseum.ca/Poland-WW2/katyn_memorial_wall/kmw_resolution.html |titlebaşlık=Electronicmuseum.ca |accessdateerişimtarihi=2005-12-19 Aralık 2005|deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurlarşivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050921034703/http://www.electronicmuseum.ca/Poland-WW2/katyn_memorial_wall/kmw_resolution.html |archivedatearşivtarihi=21 SeptemberEylül 2005 |df=dmy }} . Retrieved 19 December 2005, original in Russian with English translation</ref> Bu olay [[Katyn Katliamı]] olarak bilinir.<ref name="Fischer" /><ref name="Sanford">[[George Sanford (scholar)|George Sanford]], [https://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0415338735&id=PZXvUuvfv-oC&pg=PA20 Katyn and the Soviet massacre of 1940: truth, justice and memory], Routledge, 2005, ISBN 0-415-33873-5 pp. 20–24</ref><ref>{{Web kaynağı | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/kent-csi/vol43no3/pdf/v43i3a06p.pdf | başlık = Stalin's Killing Field | erişimtarihi = 19 JulyTemmuz 2008 | formatbiçim = PDF | arşivurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20160413232951/https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/kent-csi/vol43no3/pdf/v43i3a06p.pdf | arşivtarihi = 13 Nisan 2016}}</ref> İddiaya göre Stalin şahsen bir Polonyalı generale [[Mançurya]]'da kaybolduklarını söylerken,<ref name="Biuletyn">{{web kaynağı|url=http://www.udskior.gov.pl/kombatant/200306_spec.pdf|titlebaşlık=Kombatant Bulletin|accessdateerişimtarihi=3 Ağustos 2011-08-03|deadurl=bot: unknown|archiveurlarşivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303231404/http://www.udskior.gov.pl/kombatant/200306_spec.pdf|archivedatearşivtarihi=3 MarchMart 2009|df=dmy}} Special Edition of Kombatant Bulletin No.148 6/2003 on the occasion of the Year of General Sikorski. Official publication of the Polish government Agency of Combatants and Repressed</ref><ref name="VIZH">Svyatek; Romuald (1991) "Катынский лес", Военно-исторический журнал, No.9, {{ISSN|0042-9058}}</ref>{{Kdş|Brackman|2001}} Polonya demiryolu işçileri 1941 Nazi istilasından sonra toplu mezarı buldu.<ref name="BIPN1">{{Dergi kaynağı|authoryazar=Polak, Barbara|yearyıl=2005|titlebaşlık=Zbrodnia katynska|journal=Biuletyn [[Institute of National Remembrance|IPN]]|pagessayfalar=4–21|url=http://www.ceeol.com/aspx/getdocument.aspx?logid=5&id=f4349d43-b13d-4c2c-a70d-056e8801493d|formatbiçim=PDF|accessdateerişimtarihi=22 SeptemberEylül 2007|languagedil=pl}}</ref> Aslında Katyn katliamını Ruslar değil, Alman askerleri yapmışlardır.<ref name=":1" />