Dosya:Map of state atheism.svg

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Özet

Açıklama
English: A colour‐coded world map showing nations that formally practised and currently practise state atheism. Most countries that practise and have practised state atheism were Communist countries, with notable exceptions included France during the French First Republic and Mexico during the Cristero War. In addition, some Communist states like Somalia did not adopt state atheism and instead blended Marxist-Leninist social policies with the existing state religion of the country at the time.
 
Countries that formerly practised state atheism
 
Countries that currently practise state atheism
Tarih
Kaynak

Yükleyenin kendi çalışması, derived from BlankMap-World6.svg and Communist countries.svg

 
Bu W3C belirsiz vektörel grafik Inkscape ile oluşturuldu .
Yazar Kamalthebest

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References

  1. Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, and Africa: An Encyclopedia. SAGE Productions, Inc. (2012). Retrieved on 2017-07-05.
  2. Representations of Place: Albania, Derek R. Hall, The Geographical Journal, Vol. 165, No. 2, The Changing Meaning of Place in Post-Socialist Eastern Europe: Commodification, Perception and Environment (Jul., 1999), pp. 161–172, Blackwell Publishing on behalf of The Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers)
  3. Marques de Morais, Rafael (April 27, 2014). Religion and the State in Angola.
  4. a b c d e f g h i j k l m (1980). "Protest for Religious Rights in the USSR: Characteristics and Consequences". Russian Review 39 (4): 426–441. Blackwell Publishing on behalf of The Editors and Board of Trustees of the Russian Review. DOI:10.2307/128810. ISSN 0036-0341.
  5. Clarke, Duncan (February 1, 2009) Crude Continent: The Struggle for Africa's Oil Prize, p. 194
  6. a b c d e f Avramović, Sima (2007) Understanding Secularism in a Post-Communist State: Case of Serbia, p. 599
  7. a b c d e f (2000) Neighbors at War: Anthropological Perspectives on Yugoslav Ethnicity, Culture, and History, p. 165
  8. Kalkandjieva, Daniela (June 12, 2015). The encounter between the religious and the secular in post-atheist Bulgaria.
  9. Wessinger, Catherine (2000) (english) Millennialism, Persecution, and Violence: Historical Cases, Syracuse University Press, p. 282 ISBN: 9780815628095. "Democratic Kampuchea was officially an atheist state, and the persecution of religion by the Khmer Rouge was matched in severity only by the persecution of religion in the communist states of Albania and North Korea, so there were not any direct historical continuities of Buddhism into the Democratic Kampuchea era."
  10. "No Religion for Chinese Communist Party Cadres". Deccan Herald. December 2011.
  11. Clark, John (August 9, 2012) Historical Dictionary of Republic of the Congo, p. 311
  12. Jay Mallin (1 January 1994) Covering Castro: Rise and Decline of Cuba's Communist Dictator, Transaction Publishers ISBN: 978-1-4128-2053-0.
  13. a b Ramet, Sabrina (1998) Nihil Obstat: Religion, Politics, and Social Change in East-Central Europe and Russia, p. 125
  14. Deseret News National "During the decades of state-sponsored atheism in East Germany, more formally known as the German Democratic Republic, the great emphasis was on avoiding religion."
  15. a b Doulos, Mikael (1986) Christians in Marxist Ethiopia, p. 140
  16. Tallet, Frank Religion, Society and Politics in France Since 1789 pp. 1-17 1991 Continuum International Publishing
  17. Zuckerman, Phil (December 21, 2009) Atheism and Secularity, p. 60
  18. Stiller, Brian (June 18, 2013). Laos: A Nation With Religious Contradictions.
  19. Haas, Ernst B., Nationalism, Liberalism, and Progress: The dismal fate of new nations, Cornell Univ. Press 2000
  20. Sanders, Alan (April 9, 2003) Historical Dictionary of Mongolia, p. 10
  21. Van den Bergh-Collier, Edda (January 2007) Towards Gender Equality in Mozambique, p. 180. Archived from the original on 29 Mart 2019. Retrieved on 23 Ekim 2016.
  22. Temperman, Jeroen (May 30, 2010) State-Religion Relationship and Human Rights Law: Towards a Right to Religiously Neutral Governance, Brill, pp. 141–145
  23. Zdzislawa Walaszek. An Open Issue of Legitimacy: The State and the Church in Poland. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 483, Religion and the State: The Struggle for Legitimacy and Power (Jan., 1986), pp. 118-134
  24. (2009) Orthodoxy and the Cold War: Religion and Political Power in Romania, 1947-65, la University of Michigan, p. 92 ISBN: 3447058749. "was to transform Romania into a communist atheist society."
  25. Jan Dodd, Mark Lewis, Ron Emmons. The Rough Guide to Vietnam, Vol. 4, 2003. p. 509: "After 1975, the Marxist-Leninist government of reunified Vietnam declared the state atheism while theoretically allowing people the right to practice their religion under the constitution."
  26. Campbell, Leslie (August 27, 2015). Yemen: The Tribal Islamists.

Altyazılar

Bu dosyanın temsil ettiği şeyin tek satırlık açıklamasını ekleyin.
Not accurate at least about France. Many former communist countries were officially atheist, France never was. The French concept of "Laïcité" refers to a total disestablishment. The French Republic was deist under Robespierre, never atheist.

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22 Ekim 2016

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güncel20.29, 15 Şubat 202420.29, 15 Şubat 2024 tarihindeki sürümün küçültülmüş hâli4.000 × 2.030 (2,45 MB)Wolfman5678Size increased
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