Büyük varlık zinciri

Büyük varlık zinciri, Orta Çağ Hıristiyan düşüncesinde Tanrı tarafından kararlaştırıldığı düşünülmüş; maddenin, yaşamın ve hayali varlıkların tabi olduğu hiyerarşik düzendir. Zincir, Tanrı ile başlar ve aşağıya doğru melekleri, insanları, hayvanları, bitkileri ve mineralleri içerecek şekilde ilerler.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Büyük varlık zinciri (Latince: scala naturae, "Varlık merdiveni") kavramı Plato, Aristoteles (Historia Animalium eserinde), Plotinos ve Proklos'tan gelmektedir.^[4] Orta Çağ'da daha da gelişerek, erken modern Yeni Platonculuk'la tam anlamına kavuştu.^[5]^[6]

Kaynakça

^ Lovejoy 1960, s. 59.
^ Adams, Robert Merrihew (1999). Leibniz: Determinist, Theist, Idealist. New York: Oxford University Press. s. 113.
^ Wheeler, L. Kip. "The Chain of Being: Tillyard in a Nutshell". Carson-Newman University. 16 Aralık 2003 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 16 Kasım 2019.
^ "Great Chain of Being | Definition, Origin & Facts". Britannica. 24 Haziran 2015 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 1 Nisan 2021.
^ "This idea of a great chain of being can be traced to Plato's division of the world into the Forms, which are full beings, and sensible things, which are imitations of the Forms and are both being and not being. Aristotle's teleology recognized a perfect being, and he also arranges all animals by a single natural scale according to the degree of perfection of their souls. The idea of the great chain of being was fully developed in Neoplatonism and in the Middle Ages.", Blackwell Dictionary of Western Philosophy, p. 289 (2004)
^ Edward P. Mahoney, "Lovejoy and the Hierarchy of Being", Journal of the History of Ideas Vol. 48, No 2, pp. 211-230.

Lovejoy, Arthur O. (1960) [1936]. The Great Chain of Being: A Study of the History of an Idea. Harper.

Ek okuma

Miguel Espinoza, La Hiérarchie naturelle. Matière, vie, conscience et symbole, L'Harmattan, Paris, 2022 (978-2-14-030999-1).
Tillyard, E. M. W. (1942) The Elizabethan World Picture: A Study of the Idea of Order in the age of Shakespeare, Donne & Milton. New York: Random House

Dış bağlantılar

Dictionary of the History of Ideas – Chain of Being
The Great Chain of Being reflected in the work of Descartes, Spinoza & Leibniz. Archived 2008-08-28 at the Wayback Machine. Peter Suber, Earlham College, Indiana
The Chain of Being: Tillyard in a Nutshell

[FOOTNOTELovejoy196059-1] Lovejoy 1960, s. 59.

[2] Adams, Robert Merrihew (1999). Leibniz: Determinist, Theist, Idealist. New York: Oxford University Press. s. 113.

[Tillyard_Web-3] Wheeler, L. Kip. "The Chain of Being: Tillyard in a Nutshell". Carson-Newman University. 16 Aralık 2003 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 16 Kasım 2019.

[4] "Great Chain of Being | Definition, Origin & Facts". Britannica. 24 Haziran 2015 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 1 Nisan 2021.

[5] "This idea of a great chain of being can be traced to Plato's division of the world into the Forms, which are full beings, and sensible things, which are imitations of the Forms and are both being and not being. Aristotle's teleology recognized a perfect being, and he also arranges all animals by a single natural scale according to the degree of perfection of their souls. The idea of the great chain of being was fully developed in Neoplatonism and in the Middle Ages.", Blackwell Dictionary of Western Philosophy, p. 289 (2004)

[6] Edward P. Mahoney, "Lovejoy and the Hierarchy of Being", Journal of the History of Ideas Vol. 48, No 2, pp. 211-230.

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