Vikipedi

Sulzbachlı Bertha: Revizyonlar arasındaki fark

Etkileşimli olarak geçmişe göz at
[kontrol edilmemiş revizyon][kontrol edilmemiş revizyon]
← Önceki sürümle aradaki farkSonraki sürümle aradaki fark →
İçerik silindi İçerik eklendi
GörselVikimetin
Yzkoc (mesaj | katkılar)
Devriyeler
128.360 değişiklik
Yzkoc (mesaj | katkılar)
Devriyeler
128.360 değişiklik
k çeviriye devam
1. satır:
{{çeviri}}
'''Sulzbachlı Bertha''' (1110'lar – 29 Ağustos 1159), Sulzbach Kontı II. Berengar (yaklaşık 1080 - 3 Aralık 1125) ile ikinci karısı Wolfratshausenli Adelheid'ın kızıdır. [[Bizans İmparatorluğu|Bizans İmparatoru]] [[I. Manuel Komnenos]]'un ilk karısıdır.
 
[[Bizans İmparatorluğu|Bizans İmparatoru]] [[II. Yannis Komnenos]]'un elçileri Almanya'ya, Sicilya Kralı II. Roger'a karşı müttefik arayışı ile geldiler. Müttefikliği pekiştirmek için, elçiler, [[Kutsal Roma-Cermen İmparatorluğu|Kutsal Roma-Cermen İmparatoru]] [[III. Konrad]]'dan ailesinden bir prensesi İmparatorun oğlu Manuel ile evlenmesi için yollamalarını talep ettiler. Konrad, üvet kızı Bertha'yı Emicho von Leiningen ve Würzburg Piskoposu ile yolladı. Bertha, [[Konstantinopolis]]'te imparatorluk sarayına vardığında, imparator Yannis ölmüş, Manuel imparator olmuştu. Manuel, evliliği üç yıl erteledi. 1146 yılında Bertha imparatoriçe oldu ve "İrene" ({{lang-el|Εἰρήνη}}) ismini aldı. Bu isim yabancı doğumlu preneseslere verilen en yaygın isimdi.
==Aile==
Sulzbach Kontı II. Berengar (yaklaşık 1080 - 3 Aralık 1125) ile ikinci karısı Wolfratshausenli Adelheid'ın kızıdır. 1111 yılında, asillerin katıldığı [[V. Heinrich (Kutsal Roma İmparatoru)|V. Heinrich]]'in görücülük gösterisine katıldı. He is mentioned among the [[Surety|sureties]] of documents related to the coronation. In 1120, Berengar is recorded granting a donation to the [[Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg]]. He is mentioned as the founder of [[Berchtesgaden]] and [[Traunstein (district)|Baumburg]]. He was also a co-founder of [[Kastl Abbey]]. He was one of the rulers who signed the [[Concordat of Worms]] (23 September 1122). In August, 1125, Berengar is mentioned in documents of [[Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor|Lothair III]], [[King of the Romans]]. The death of Berengar is mentioned four months later.<ref name="fmg.ac">[http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BAVARIAN%20NOBILITY.htm#BerengarISulzbachdied1125 Profile of Berengar of Sulzbach, his wives and children in "Medieval Lands" by Charles Cawley]</ref>
 
The identity of her mother is mentioned in the "Kastler Reimchronik", Vers 525. Adelheid is mentioned in various other documents of the 12th century as "Countess of Sulzbach", without mentioning her husband. "De Fundatoribus Monasterii Diessenses" contains a rather confused genealogy concerning her two most prominent daughters. Otto II, Count of [[Wolfratshausen]], father of Adelheid, is given as father to [[Richenza of Northeim|Richenza]], "Empress" and "Maria, Empress of the Greeks". Richenza was the empress of Lothair III. The author of the text had apparently confused her with [[Gertrude von Sulzbach]], wife of [[Conrad III of Germany]]. Maria is probably a confusion for "Irene" the baptismal name of Bertha of Sulzbach, wife of [[Manuel I Komnenos]]. Both were actually granddaughters of Otto, children of Berengar and Adelheid. Gertrude was a sister of Bertha.<ref name="fmg.ac" />
 
The known siblings of Gertrude include (1)Gebhard III, Count of Sulzbach, (2)Adelheid, Abbess of Niedernburg at Passau (3)Gertrude von Sulzbach, [[German Queen]] (4)Luitgarde, wife first of [[Godfrey II of Leuven]] and secondly of Hugo XII, Count of Dagsburg and Metz., (5)[[Matilda of Sulzbach]], wife of [[Engelbert III of Istria]].<ref name="fmg.ac" />
 
Berengar II was a son of Gebhard II, Count of Sulzbach and Irmgard of Rott.<ref>[http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BAVARIAN%20NOBILITY.htm#GebhardIISulzbachdied1085 Profile of Gebhard II of Sulzbach, his wives and children in "Medieval Lands" by Charles Cawley]</ref> Irmgard was a daughter of Kuno I of Rott, founder of [[Rott Abbey]], and his wife Uta. There is a theory identifying her mother as a daughter of Frederick III, Count of Diessen. However this is not confirmed by primary sources. Irmgard is mentioned as the founder of [[Berchtesgaden]] monastery. There is mention of her marrying twice but the identity of her second husband is disputed. The most likely candidate is Kuno, Count of Horburg.<ref>[http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BAVARIAN%20NOBILITY.htm#KunoIRottdied1086B Profile of Kuno I of Rott, his wife and children in "Medieval Lands" by Charles Cawley]</ref>
 
Gebhard II is considered a namesake son of Gebhard I, Count of Sulzbach. Gebhard I is the first person known to have used this title. On 28 November 1043, Gebhard was granted property by charter of [[Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry III, King of Germany]]. There his mother is mentioned as "Adalheit". The "Genealogischen Tafeln zur mitteleuropäischen Geschichte" (1965–1967) by W. Wegener identifies her as [[Adelaide of Susa]]. The father therefore being [[Herman IV, Duke of Swabia]]. This theory has gained some acceptance. However Charles Cawley notes that this would place his birth c. 1037-1038. In order for Gebhard to have grandchildren by the 1080s, "this would require a succession of teenage bridegrooms which seems improbable." Wegener theorises the wife of Gebhard I to have been a daughter of Berengar, Count of Nordgau. He suggests that Sulzbach was part of her dowry. Cawley considers the theory to stand only on "the transmission of the name Berengar into her husband's family." Otherwise no connection between the families is known to exist.<ref>[http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BAVARIAN%20NOBILITY.htm#GebhardISulzbachdied1071orafter Profile of Gebhard I, his wife and children in "Medieval Lands" by Charles Cawley]</ref>
 
==Evlilik ve çocukları==
Emissaries of the [[Byzantium|Byzantine]] [[Byzantine emperor|Emperor]] [[John II Comnenus]] arrived in Germany, seeking an alliance against [[Roger II of Sicily]]. To seal the alliance, the emissaries requested that Conrad send a princess of his family to be married to the emperor's son, Manuel. Instead, Conrad selected his sister-in-law, Bertha, and sent her to [[Greece]] escorted by [[Emicho von Leiningen]], the [[Bishopric of Würzburg|Bishop of Würzburg]].
 
By the time Bertha arrived at the Imperial court in [[Constantinople]], the emperor John was dead, and his son Manuel was now the reigning emperor. Manuel delayed marrying her for three years, until shortly after [[Epiphany (Christian)|Epiphany]] 1146, at which point she became empress and was renamed [[Eirene (Greek goddess)|"Irene" (Εἰρήνη)]], a common name for foreign-born princesses. As an introduction for her to the Hellenic culture she was marrying into, [[John Tzetzes]] wrote his ''Allegories on the [[Iliad]]''.
 
Bertha-Irene was noted for shunning the frivolity of the luxurious Byzantine court; [[Basil of Ochrid]], the [[Archbishop#Eastern_Christianity|archbishop]] of [[Thessalonica]], praised her for her modesty and piety, and [[Nicetas Choniates]] (53sq.) noted that she did not wear face-paint. The [[Patriarchate of Constantinople|patriarch of Constantinople]], [[Cosmas II of Constantinople|Cosmas II Atticus]], who had been accused of heresy, allegedly cursed Bertha-Irene's womb in 1147 to prevent her bearing a son. She and Manuel had two daughters:
"https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulzbachlı_Bertha" sayfasından alınmıştır