Bizans Rumları: Revizyonlar arasındaki fark

[[Dosya:Byzantine Palaiologos Eagle.svg|alt=|thumb|210x210px|[[Çift başlı kartal]], [[Paleologos Hanedanı]]'nın amblemi.]]

Orta Çağ'ın çoğunda, Bizans Rumları, [[Yunanca|Yunan dilinde]] Hristiyan Yunanlılarla eş anlamlı hale gelen bir terim olan ''Rhōmaîoi'' (Ῥωμαῖοι, "Romalılar", [[Roma İmparatorluğu]] vatandaşları anlamına gelir) olarak tanımlandı.{{Kdş|Harrison|2002|p=268 "Roma, Yunan ('pagan' anlamında kullanılmazsa) ve Hristiyan eş anlamlı terimler haline geldi ve 'yabancı', 'barbar', 'kâfir' terimlerinin zıttı olarak kullanıldı. O zamanlar ağırlıklı olarak Yunan etnik kökenine ve diline sahip olan İmparatorluk vatandaşlarına genellikle basitçe ό χριστώνυμος λαός ['Mesih'in ismini taşıyan insanlar'] deniyordu."}}{{Kdş|Earl|1968|p=148}}

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While in the West the term "Roman" acquired a new meaning in connection with the [[Catholic Church]] and the [[Papacy|Bishop of Rome]], the Greek form "Romaioi" remained attached to the Greeks of the Eastern Roman Empire.<ref>Encyclopædia Britannica (2009), "History of Europe: The Romans".</ref> The term "Byzantine Greeks" is an [[Exonym and endonym|exonym]] applied by later historians like [[Hieronymus Wolf]]; "Byzantine" citizens continued to call themselves ''Romaioi'' (Romans) in their language.<ref>{{harvnb|Ostrogorsky|1969|p=2}}.</ref> Despite the shift in terminology in the West, the Byzantines Empire's eastern neighbors, such as the Arabs, continued to refer to the Byzantines as "Romans", as for instance in the 30th [[Surah]] of the Quran ([[Ar-Rum]]).<ref>{{Cite Quran|30|2|end=5}}</ref> The signifier "Roman" ([[Rum millet]], "Roman nation") was also used by the Byzantines' later [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rivals, and its Turkish equivalent [[Rûm]], "Roman", continues to be used officially by the government of [[Turkey]] to denote the Greek Orthodox natives ([[Greeks in Turkey|Rumlar]]) of [[Istanbul]], as well as the [[Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople]] ({{lang-tr|Rum Ortodoks Patrikhanesi}}, "Roman Orthodox Patriarchate"<ref>In Turkey, it is also referred to unofficially as ''Fener Rum Patrikhanesi'', "Roman Patriarchate of the [[Fener|Phanar]]".</ref>).<ref name="Doumanis">{{harvnb|Doumanis|2014|p=210}}</ref>

Many Greek Orthodox populations, particularly those outside the newly independent [[History of modern Greece|modern Greek state]], continued to refer to themselves as ''Romioi'' (i.e. Romans, Byzantines) well into the 20th century. [[Peter Charanis]], who was born on the island of [[Lemnos]] in 1908 and later became a professor of [[History of the Byzantine Empire|Byzantine history]] at [[Rutgers University]], recounts that when the island was taken from the Ottomans by Greece in 1912, Greek soldiers were sent to each village and stationed themselves in the public squares. Some of the island children ran to see what Greek soldiers looked like. ‘‘What are you looking at?’’ one of the soldiers asked. ‘‘At Hellenes,’’ the children replied. ‘‘Are you not Hellenes yourselves?’’ the soldier retorted. ‘‘No, we are Romans,’’ the children replied.<ref>{{harvnb|Kaldellis|2007|pp=42–43}}.</ref>

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== Ayrıca bakınız ==

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