Basileopator: Revizyonlar arasındaki fark

'''''Basileopatōr''''' ({{Dil-el|βασιλεοπάτωρ}}, kelime anlamıyla "''[[basileus]]'' [imparator] babası"), [[Bizans İmparatorluğu]]'nun en yüksek sivil unvanlarından biridir. Bu istisnai bir makamdı (899 [[Kletorologion|Filotheos'un ''Klētorologion'']]'u "özel mevkiler", ''axiai eidikai'' başlığı altında listeler),{{sfnKdş|Bury|1911|p=114}} İmparatorluk tarihinde sadece iki kere verilmiştir.

Its holder was not the emperor's [[biological father]], and although the exact functions associated with the post remain obscure, it is generally hypothesized that it was meant to denote a [[regent]] acting as a [[Legal guardian|custodian]] and [[tutor]] over a young emperor.{{sfnKdş|Kazhdan|1991|p=263}}{{sfnKdş|Tougher|1997|pp=99–100}} A different interpretation, however, has been offered by A. Schmink, whereby the alternative spelling ''basileiopatōr'', found both in contemporary seals and in the ''Life of [[Theophano, wife of Leo VI|Theophano]]'' [[hagiography]], ought to be preferred. The title could then be interpreted as meaning "father of the palace", confirming the holder's position as the emperor's chief aide without implying any sort of tutelage over him.{{sfnKdş|Tougher|1997|p=100}}

The title was created, sometime between August 891 and May 893,{{sfnKdş|Tougher|1997|p=94}} by Emperor [[Leo VI the Wise]] (r. 886–912) for [[Stylianos Zaoutzes]], the father of Leo's long-time mistress and later second wife, [[Zoe Zaoutzaina]].{{sfnKdş|Bury|1911|pp=114–115}} Coming in addition to Stylianos's earlier title of ''[[magistros]]'' and the position of ''[[logothetes tou dromou|logothetēs tou dromou]]'', by this act Leo, according to the traditional interpretation, is held to have formally placed the affairs of the Byzantine Empire in Zaoutzes's hands until the latter's death in 899.{{sfnKdş
|Bury|1911|p=115}}{{sfnKdş|Kazhdan|1991|p=2220}} More recent scholarship, however, has cast doubt on the image of the "all-powerful ''basileopatōr''" (Shaun Tougher), citing evidence in support of Leo's effective control of the government. Either way, the title placed Stylianos at the apex of the [[Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy|civil bureaucracy]], directly below the emperor himself.{{sfnKdş
|Tougher|1997|pp=89, 99–104}}

The title was revived in 919 for admiral [[Romanos Lekapenos]] after he married his daughter [[Helena Lekapene|Helena]] to Emperor [[Constantine VII]] (r. 913–959),{{sfnKdş|Bury|1911|p=115}} but within a few months he was raised further to ''[[Caesar (title)|Caesar]]'' and, shortly after, was crowned senior co-emperor.{{sfnKdş|Kazhdan|1991|pp=263, 1806}} The title was not used thereafter except in a literary context; [[Symeon Metaphrastes]] for instance [[anachronistic|anachronistically]] calls [[Arsenius the Great]] a ''basileopatōr'', as he was the tutor of [[Honorius (emperor)|Honorius]] and [[Arcadius]], the sons of Emperor [[Theodosius I]] (r. 379–395). There was also an attempt by supporters of [[Michael VIII Palaiologos|Michael Palaiologos]] (r. 1259–1282) to revive the title in 1259, when he was appointed regent over the infant [[Empire of Nicaea|Nicaean emperor]] [[John IV Laskaris]] (r. 1258–1261), but it came to nothing.{{sfnKdş|Kazhdan|1991|pp=263–264}}