İsrail: Revizyonlar arasındaki fark
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İçerik silindi İçerik eklendi
Gerekçe: + vandalizm amaçlı değişiklik |
k İngilizce İsrail maddesinin dini statü bölümü çevrilip, eklendi |
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215. satır:
=== Din ===
İsrail devletinin resmi dini yoktur<ref>{{cite book | title=Secularism on the Edge: Rethinking Church-State Relations in the United States, France, and Israel |last=Charbit |first=Denis | editor1-last=Berlinerblau | editor1-first=Jacques | editor2-last=Fainberg | editor2-first=Sarah | editor3-last=Nou | editor3-first=Aurora | chapter=Israel's Self-Restrained Secularism from the 1947 Status Quo Letter to the Present | publisher=Palgrave Macmillan | location=New York |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-137-38115-6 | pages=167–169 |url=https://books.google.co.il/books?id=gThvBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA167&dq#v=onepage&q&f=false |quote=The compromise, therefore, was to choose constructive ambiguity: as surprising as it may seem, there is no law that declares Judaism the official religion of Israel. However, there is no other law that declares Israel's neutrality toward all confessions. Judaism is not recognized as the official religion of the state, and even though the Jewish, Muslim and Christian clergy receive their salaries from the state, this fact does not make Israel a neutral state. This apparent pluralism cannot dissimulate the fact that Israel displays a clear and undoubtedly hierarchical pluralism in religious matters. ... It is important to note that from a multicultural point of view, this self-restrained secularism allows Muslim law to be practiced in Israel for personal matters of the Muslim community. As surprising as it seems, if not paradoxical for a state in war, Israel is the only Western democratic country in which Sharia enjoys such an official status.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | title=The SAGE Handbook of the Sociology of Religion |last=Sharot |first=Stephen | editor1-last=Beckford | editor1-first=James A. | editor2-last=Demerath | editor2-first=Jay | chapter=Judaism in Israel: Public Religion, Neo-Traditionalism, Messianism, and Ethno-Religious Conflict | publisher=Sage Publications | location=London and Thousand Oaks, California |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-4129-1195-5 | pages=671–672 |url=https://books.google.co.il/books?id=vA8edg7bv0kC&pg=PA671 |quote=It is true that Jewish Israelis, and secular Israelis in particular, conceive of religion as shaped by a state-sponsored religious establishment. There is no formal state religion in Israel, but the state gives its official recognition and financial support to particular religious communities, Jewish, Islamic and Christian, whose religious authorities and courts are empowered to deal with matters of personal status and family law, such as marriage, divorce, and alimony, that are binding on all members of the communities.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | title=Women in Zones of Conflict: Power and Resistance in Israel |last=Jacoby |first=Tami Amanda | publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press | location=Montreal, Quebec and Kingston, Ontario |year=2005 |isbn=9780773529939 | pages=53–54|url=https://books.google.co.il/books?id=pr1LJNrlmuIC&pg=PA53#v=onepage&q&f=false |quote=Although there is no official religion in Israel, there is also no clear separation between religion and state. In Israeli public life, tensions frequently arise among different streams of Judaism: Ultra-Orthodox, National-Religious, ''Mesorati'' (Conservative), Reconstructionist Progressive (Reform), and varying combinations of traditionalism and non-observance. Despite this variety in religious observances in society, Orthodox Judaism prevails institutionally over the other streams. This boundary is an historical consequence of the unique evolution of the relationship between Israel nationalism and state building. ... Since the founding period, in order to defuse religious tensions, the State of Israel has adopted what is known as the 'status quo,' an unwritten agreement stipulating that no further changes would be made in the status of religion, and that conflict between the observant and non-observant sectors would be handled circumstantially. The 'status quo' has since pertained to the legal status of both religious and secular Jews in Israel. This situation was designed to appease the religious sector, and has been upheld indefinitely through the disproportionate power of religious political parties in all subsequent coalition governments. ... On one hand, the Declaration of Independence adopted in 1948 explicitly guarantees freedom of religion. On the other, it simultaneously prevents the separation of religion and state in Israel.}}</ref> ancak devletin tanımında "Yahudi ve demokratik" yer alır. Bu durum Yahudilik inancı ile güçlü bir bağlantı oluşturur, aynı zamanda devlet hukuku ile dini hukuk arasında bir çatışma yaratır. Siyasi partiler, büyük ölçüde İngiliz Mandası döneminde var olduğu gibi din ve devlet arasındaki dengeyi korur<ref>{{cite journal |last=Englard|first=Izhak|date=Winter 1987|title=Law and Religion in Israel|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/840166?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents|journal=The American Journal of Comparative Law|publisher= American Society of Comparative Law|volume=35|issue=1|pages=185–208|doi= |access-date=12 June 2015|quote="The great political and ideological importance of religion in the state of Israel manifests itself in the manifold legal provisions concerned with religions phenomenon. ... It is not a system of separation between state and religion as practiced in the U.S.A and several other countries of the world. In Israel a number of religious bodies exercise official functions; the religious law is applied in limited areas"}}</ref>.
İsrail topraklarında Musevi inancı hakimdir. İsrail'de Yahudiler en büyük nüfusu oluştururlar. Yahudilerin kendi aralarında mezhepsel farklılıkları olabilir. Bazı İsrailliler dinlerine çok bağlıyken bazıları biraz daha modern olabiliyorlar.<ref>{{Dergi kaynağı |url=http://www.jcpa.org/dje/articles2/relinisr-consensus.htm |başlık=Religion in Israel: A Consensus for Jewish Tradition |son=Elazar |ilk=Daniel J. |yayımcı=Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs |tarih=6 September 2007 }}</ref> İsrail'de yapılan bir sosyal ankette "''İnancınızı nasıl tanımlarsınız?"'' sorusu yöneltilen Yahudilerin %55'i geleneksel, %20'si laik, %17'si Siyonist, %8'i Haredi Yahudisi olarak tanımlarken %5'İ kendilerini Ortodoks-radikal Yahudi olarak tanımlar.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2010/0709/The-other-Israeli-conflict-with-itself |başlık=The other Israeli conflict: with itself |gazete=The Christian Science Monitor |tarih=9 July 2010}}</ref>
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