Toplumsal sınıf: Revizyonlar arasındaki fark

[kontrol edilmemiş revizyon][kontrol edilmemiş revizyon]
İçerik silindi İçerik eklendi
Khutuck Bot (mesaj | katkılar)
k Bot: Kozmetik değişiklikler
Wall-e Bot (mesaj | katkılar)
Bir çok ----> Birçok (Yazım düzeltmeleri), replaced: Bir çok → Birçok using AWB
1. satır:
'''Toplumsal sınıf''' [[toplum]]lar veya [[kültür]]ler içindeki bireyler veya gruplar arasında [[hiyerarşi]]k farklılığı (veya [[Toplumsal katmanlaşma|katmanlaşmayı]]) ifade etmektedir. Genellikle bireyler sınıf içinde ekonomik konumlarına ve katmanlaşma sistemi içinde benzer siyasi ve ekonomik ilgilerine göre gruplaşmaktadırlar.
 
Çoğu toplum, özellikle [[ulus devlet]]lerin toplumsal sınıflaşma özelliği gösterdiği görülmektedir.<ref>Habermas, J. (2006). "the European Nation State - Its Achievments and Its Limits. On the Past and Future Sovereignty and Citizenship", in G. Balakrishan (ed.) ''Mapping the Nation''. London: Vernon. 281 - 294</ref>. Ancak sınıf evrensel bir görüngü değildir. Bir çokBirçok avcı-toplayıcı toplumda toplumsal sınıf yoktur, sıklıkla sürekli liderleri olmaz ve toplum üyelerini hiyerarşik güç yapıları içinde bölmekten kaçınırlar.<ref>Gowdy, John (2006) "Hunter-gatherers and the mythology of the market," in [[Richard Borshay Lee|Richard B. Lee]] and Richard H. Daly (eds.), The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers, pp.391-394. New York: Cambridge University Press</ref>
 
== İleri okuma listesi ==
9. satır:
* Bisson, Thomas N.; ''Cultures of Power: Lordship, Status, and Process in Twelfth-Century Europe'' (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1995)
* Blau, Peter & Duncan Otis D.; ''The American Occupational Structure'' (1967) classic study of structure and mobility
* Brady, David "Rethinking the Sociological Measurement of Poverty" ''[[Social Forces]]'' Vol. 81 No.3, (March 2003), pp. 715-751&nbsp;715–751 (abstract [http://muse.jhu.edu/login?uri=/journals/social_forces/v081/81.3brady.html online] in Project Muse).
* Broom, Leonard & Jones, F. Lancaster; ''Opportunity and Attainment in Australia'' (1977)
* Cohen, Lizabeth; ''Consumer's Republic'', (Knopf, 2003) (ISBN 0-375-40750-2). (Historical analysis of the working out of class in the United States).
* Croix, Geoffrey de Ste.; [http://www.newleftreview.org/?page=article&view=1359 "Class in Marx's Conception of History, Ancient and Modern"], [[New Left Review]], No. 146, (1984), pp. 94-111&nbsp;94–111 (good study of Marx's concept).
* Dargin, Justin http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Central_Asia/IL06Ag01.html "The Birth of Russia's Energy Class" [Asia Times] (2007) (good study of contemporary class formation in Russia, post communism)
* Day, Gary; ''Class'', (Routledge, 2001) (ISBN 0-415-18222-0)
27. satır:
* Hymowitz, Kay; ''Marriage and Caste in America: Separate and Unequal Families in a Post-Marital Age'' (2006) ISBN 1-56663-709-0
* Kaeble, Helmut; ''Social Mobility in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: Europe and America in Comparative Perspective'' (1985)
* Mahalingam, Ramaswami; "Essentialism, Culture, and Power: Representations of Social Class" ''Journal of Social Issues,'' Vol. 59, (2003), pp. &nbsp;733+ on India
* Mahony, Pat & Zmroczek, Christine; ''Class Matters: 'Working-Class' Women's Perspectives on Social Class'' (Taylor & Francis, 1997)
* Manza, Jeff & Brooks, Clem; ''Social Cleavages and Political Change: Voter Alignments and U.S. Party Coalitions'' (Oxford University Press, 1999).
* Manza, Jeff; "Political Sociological Models of the U.S. New Deal" ''Annual Review of Sociology'', (2000) pp. &nbsp;297+
* Manza, Jeff; Hout, Michael & Brooks Clem; "Class Voting in Capitalist Democracies since World War II: Dealignment, Realignment, or Trendless Fluctuation?" ''Annual Review of Sociology'', Vol. 21, (1995)
* Marmot, Michael; ''The Status Syndrome: How Social Standing Affects Our Health and Longevity'' (2004)
39. satır:
* Pakulski, Jan & Waters, Malcolm; ''The Death of Class'' (Sage, 1996). (rejection of the relevance of class for modern societies)
* Payne, Geoff; ''The Social Mobility of Women: Beyond Male Mobility Models'' (1990)
* [[Ralph Raico|Raico, Ralph]]; [http://www.mises.org/journals/jls/1_3/1_3_2.pdf "Classical Liberal Exploitation Theory: A Comment on Professor Liggio's Paper"], ''[[Journal of Libertarian Studies]]'', Vol.1, No.3, pp. 179-183&nbsp;179–183, (1977).
* Savage, Mike; ''Class Analysis and Social Transformation'' (London: Open University Press, 2000).
* Sennett, Richard & Cobb, Jonathan; ''The Hidden Injuries of Class'', (Vintage, 1972) (classic study of the subjective experience of class).
47. satır:
* Wlkowitz, Daniel J.; ''Working with Class: Social Workers and the Politics of Middle-Class Identity'' (University of North Carolina Press, 1999).
* "Class, Status and Party", Max Weber, in e.g. Gerth, Hans and C. Wright Mills, ''From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology'', (Oxford University Press, 1958). (Weber's key statement of the multiple nature of stratification).
* Weinburg, Mark; [http://www.mises.org/journals/jls/2_1/2_1_4.pdf "The Social Analysis of Three Early 19th century French liberals: Say, Comte, and Dunoyer"], ''[[Journal of Libertarian Studies]]'', Vol. 2, No. 1, pp.45-63&nbsp;45–63, (1978).
* [[Ellen Meiksins Wood|Wood, Ellen Meiksins]]; ''The Retreat from Class: A New 'True' Socialism,'' (Schocken Books, 1986) (ISBN 0-8052-7280-1) and (Verso Classics, January 1999) reprint with new introduction (ISBN 1-85984-270-4).
* [[Ellen Meiksins Wood|Wood, Ellen Meiksins]]; [http://www.monthlyreview.org/797wood.htm "Labor, the State, and Class Struggle"], ''[[Monthly Review]]'', Vol. 49, No. 3, (1997).