Glikoliz: Revizyonlar arasındaki fark

[kontrol edilmemiş revizyon][kontrol edilmemiş revizyon]
İçerik silindi İçerik eklendi
Bercaio (mesaj | katkılar)
Değişiklik özeti yok
İnsanperver (mesaj | katkılar)
44. satır:
{{Expand-section|date=June 2008}}
 
== SequenceReaksiyonların of reactionssırası ==
{{GlycolysisGlikoliz}}
 
=== Hazırlık aşaması ===<!-- Bu kesit [[Hücresel solunum]]'la bağlantılıdır. -->
===Preparatory phase===<!-- This section is linked from [[Cellular respiration]] -->
İlk beş basamak hazırlık aşaması olarak glikozu iki tane üç karbonlu şeker fosfata ([[Fosfogliseraldehit|PGAL]]) dönüştürmek için enerji harcanmasına ilişkin gerçekleşir.
The first five steps are regarded as the preparatory (or investment) phase since they consume energy to convert the glucose into two three-carbon sugar phosphates ([[Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate|G3P]]).
 
{| cellspacing=15 width=100% style="border: 1px solid #a79c83"
| TheGlikolizdeki firstilk stepbasamak in[[hekzokinaz]] glycolysisadındaki isbir phosphorylationenzim ofailesi glucosetarafından by a family of enzymes calledgliokzun [[hexokinase]]s to form [[glucoseglikoz 6-phosphatefosfat]] (G6P) formuna fosforilasyonudur. ThisBu reaction consumesreaksiyonda ATP harcanır, butfakat itbu actsglikoz toyoğunluğunun keepkorunmasında therol glucose concentration lowoynar, promoting"plasma continuousmembrane transporttransporter"ları ofaracılığıyla glucosehücre intoiçine theglikozun celltaşınmasını through the plasma membranesürekli transporterskılınır. In addition, it blocks the glucose from leaking out - the cell lacks transporters for G6P. Glucose may alternatively be from the [[phosphorolysis]] or [[hydrolysis]] of intracellular starch or glycogen.
 
In [[animalHayvanlar]]sda, an hekzokinazın [[isozymeglikokinaz]] ofadında hexokinase calledbir [[glucokinaseisozyme]]i is also used in the liver, which has a much lower affinity for glucose (K<sub>m</sub> in the vicinity of normal [[glycemia]]), and differs in regulatory properties. The different substrate affinity and alternate regulation of this enzyme are a reflection of the role of the liver in maintaining blood sugar levels.
 
''CofactorsKofaktörler:''
Mg<sup>2+</sup>
| {{EnzymaticEnzimatik ReactionReaksiyon
|foward_enzyme=[[HexokinaseHekzokinaz]] ('''HK''')<br />''a transferase''
|reverse_enzyme=
|substrate=<small>D</small>-[[GlucoseGlikoz]] ('''Glc''')
|product=α-<small>D</small>-[[GlucoseGlikoz-6-phosphatefosfat]] ('''G6P''')
|reaction_direction_(forward/reversible/reverse)=forward
|minor_foward_substrate(s)=[[AdenosineAdenozin triphosphatetrifosfat|ATP]]
|minor_foward_product(s)= H<sup>+</sup> + [[adenosineAdenozin diphosphatedifosfat|ADP]]
|minor_reverse_substrate(s)=
|minor_reverse_product(s)=
73. satır:
<br />
{| cellspacing=15 width=100% style="border: 1px solid #a79c83"
|Sonra G6P [[glikoz fosfat izomeraz]] tarafından [[fruktoz 6-fosfat]]a (F6P) dönüştürüldü. Bu noktada [[fruktoz]] fosforilasyonla glikolitik evreye de girebilir hâle geldi.
|G6P is then rearranged into [[fructose 6-phosphate]] (F6P) by [[glucose phosphate isomerase]]. [[Fructose]] can also enter the glycolytic pathway by phosphorylation at this point.
 
The change in structure is an isomerization, in which the G6P has been converted to F6P. The reaction requires an enzyme, phosphohexose isomerase, to proceed. This reaction is freely reversible under normal cell conditions. However, it is often driven forward because of a low concentration of F6P, which is constantly consumed during the next step of glycolysis. Under conditions of high F6P concentration this reaction readily runs in reverse. This phenomenon can be explained through [[Le Chatelier's Principle]].
| {{EnzymaticEnzimatik ReactionReaksiyon
|foward_enzyme=[[PhosphoglucoseFosfoglikoz isomeraseizomeraz]]<br />''an [[isomerase]]''
|reverse_enzyme=
|substrate=α-<small>D</small>-[[Glucose 6-phosphate]] ('''G6P''')
"https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoliz" sayfasından alınmıştır