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'''Bengal''' ({{lang-bn|বঙ্গ ''Bôngo'', বাংলা ''Bangla'', বঙ্গদেশ ''Bôngodesh'' or বাংলাদেশ ''Bangladesh''}}), is a historical and geographical region in the northeast of [[South Asia]]. Today it is mainly divided between the independent nation of [[Bangladesh]] (previously [[East Bengal]]), and the state of [[West Bengal]] in India, although some regions of the previous kingdoms of Bengal (during local monarchical regimes and [[British Empire|British rule]]) are now part of the neighboring Indian states of [[Bihar]], [[Tripura]] and [[Orissa]]. The majority of Bengal is inhabited by [[Bengali people]] (বাঙালি ''Bangali'') who speak [[Bengali language|Bengali]] (বাংলা ''Bangla''). {{Fact|date=December 2007}}
The region of Bengal is one of the most densely populated regions on earth, with a population density exceeding 900/km². Most of the Bengal region lies in the low-lying [[Ganges]]–[[Brahmaputra]] River [[River delta|Delta]] or [[Ganges Delta]], the world's largest delta. In the southern part of the delta lies the [[Sundarbans]]
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== Etimoloji ve etnoloji ==
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The exact origin of the word ''Bangla'' or Bengal is unknown, though it is believed to be derived from the Dravidian-speaking tribe ''Bang'' that settled in the area around the year 1000 BC.<ref name="congress">{{cite book
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== Tarih ==
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{{main|History of Bengal}}
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Calcutta was named the capital of [[British Raj|British India]] in 1772. The [[Bengal Renaissance]] and [[Brahmo Samaj]] socio-cultural reform movements had great impact on the cultural and economic life of Bengal. The failed [[Indian rebellion of 1857]] started near Calcutta and resulted in transfer of authority to the [[British monarchy|British Crown]], administered by the [[Viceroy of India]].<ref name=baxter2>{{Harv|Baxter|1997|pp=30-32}}</ref> Between 1905 and 1911, an [[Partition of Bengal (1905)|abortive attempt]] was made to divide the province of Bengal into two zones.<ref name=baxter3>{{Harv|Baxter|1997|pp=39-40}}</ref>
Bengal has played a major role in the [[Indian independence movement]], in which [[Revolutionary movement for Indian independence|revolutionary groups]] were dominant. Armed attempts against to overthrow the [[British Raj]] reached a climax when [[Subhash Chandra Bose]] led the [[Indian National Army]] against the British. Bengal was also central in the rising political awareness of the Muslim
| url = http://www.banglapedia.net/HT/U_0020.HTM
| title = United Bengal Movement
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== Coğrafya ==
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{{See also|Geography of West Bengal|Geography of Bangladesh}}
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[[Dosya:Panthera tigris.jpg|thumb|left|<!--The [[Bengal Tiger|Royal Bengal Tiger]]-->]]
<
<
* [[Ganj Nehri]], [[Brahmaputra Nehri]] ve [[Meghna Nehri]]
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Most of the Bengal region is in the low-lying [[Ganges]]–[[Brahmaputra]] River Delta or [[Ganges Delta]]. The Ganges Delta arises from the confluence of the rivers [[Ganges]], [[Brahmaputra River|Brahmaputra]], and [[Meghna River|Meghna]] rivers and their respective tributaries. The total area of Bengal is 232752 km²
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* Yüzölçümü : 232752 km²
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| url = http://www.indianmirror.com/geography/geo9.html| title = Statistical Facts about India
| accessdate = 2006-10-26| publisher = www.indianmirror.com
}}</ref> The [[Darjeeling Himalayan hill region]] in the northern extreme of the state belongs to the eastern [[Himalaya]]. This region contains [[Sandakfu]] ({{Unit length|m|3636}})
| url = http://yhaindia.org/sandakphu_trek.htm
| title = National Himalayan Sandakphu-Gurdum Trekking Expedition: 2006| accessdate = 2006-10-26
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== Demografi ==
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{{main|Bengali people}}
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|publisher= Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal
|isbn=81-7955-030-3
|pages=
|chapter= Introduction and Human Development Indices for West Bengal
|chapterurl= http://www.undp.org.in/hdrc/shdr/WB/WB%20HDR%202004/Chap1.pdf
}}</ref>
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== Ekonomi ==
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{{main|Economy of West Bengal|Economy of Bangladesh}}
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| url = http://www.arc.unisg.ch/org/arc/web.nsf/1176ad62df2ddb13c12568f000482b94/43cf0caeed566faac12571d30061daac/$FILE/India%20Symposium_IBEF_State%20Reports_Westbengal.pdf
| title = The State Economy| accessdate = 2006-09-07| format = PDF| work = Indian States Economy and Business: West Bengal
| publisher = [[India Brand Equity Foundation]], [[Confederation of Indian Industry]]| pages = 9}}</ref> State industries are localized in the Kolkata region and the mineral-rich western highlands.
| url = http://www.webindia123.com/westbengal/economy/economy.htm| title = Economy| accessdate = 2006-09-07
| work = West Bengal| publisher = Suni System (P) Ltd}}</ref>
West Bengal has the third largest economy (
| url = http://www.wbidc.com/about_wb/index.html| title = Basic Information| accessdate = 2006-09-07| work = About West Bengal
| publisher = West Bengal Industrial Development Corporation}}</ref> The state has promoted [[foreign direct investment]], which has mostly come in the software and electronics fields;<ref name=Dasgupta>{{cite web| url=http://www-scf.usc.edu/~efinnega/econ.html| title=Dasgupta, 2002| accessdate=2006-04-11}}</ref> Kolkata is becoming a major hub for the [[Information technology]] (IT) industry. Owing to the boom in Kolkata's and the overall state's economy, West Bengal is now the third fastest growing economy in the country.<ref name=usconsulate>{{cite web| url=http://calcutta.usconsulate.gov/19oct2005.html| title=Consul General Henry V. Jardine to The Indo-American Chamber of Commerce, October 20, 2005| accessdate=2006-04-11}}</ref>
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<ref> "Yunus sees big Answers in Micro-credit" Globe and Mail article |http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/LAC.20080611.RYUNUS11/TPStory/Business</ref>
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== Kültür ==
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{{main|Culture of West Bengal|Culture of Bangladesh}}
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== Referanslar ==
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* {{Harvard reference
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