4. Ordu (Sovyetler Birliği): Revizyonlar arasındaki fark

[[World War II]] that served on the [[Eastern Front (WWII)|Eastern front of World War II]] and in the Caucasus during the [[Cold War]]. It was disbanded after the fall of the Soviet Union, with its divisions being withdrawn to Russia and disbanded.

 

The Fourth Army was created in August [[1939]] in the [[Belorussian Special Military District]] from the Bobruisk Army Group as an independent army .<ref>BOVO (00 СВЭ, Ô.8, ß.468.)(00 СВЭ, т.8, с.468.) 00; Western Special MD, A.G. Lenskii, Сухопутные силы РККА в предвоенные годы. Справочник. — Санкт-Петербург Б&К, 2000</ref> In September [[1939]], the Fourth Army took part in the [[Soviet invasion of Poland (1939)|Soviet invasion of Poland]] commanded by the future Marshal of Soviet Union [[Vasily Chuikov|V.I. Chuykov]], the defender of [[Battle of Stalingrad|Stalingrad]]. Its order of battle in that operation is listed [[Soviet order of battle for invasion of Poland in 1939|here]].

 

When the German invasion of the Soviet Union commenced on 22 June 1941, the Army was part of the [[Western Front (Soviet Union)|Western Front]] and had the 28th Rifle Corps ([[6th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)|6th Rifle Division]] and 42nd Rifle Division), 14th Mechanised Corps, and 49th and 75th Rifle Divisions,<ref>Niehorster, [http://orbat.com/site/ww2/drleo/012_ussr/41_oob/western/army_04.html Order of Battle, 22 June 1941]</ref> as well as the 62nd [[Fortified Region]]. General Colonel Pavlov, Commander of the Western Front, had decided to redeploy some of 4th Army’s troops early in 1941, and 12th Rifle Division was accordingly moved into [[Brest, Belarus|Brest]], and HQ 14th Mechanised Corps to [[Kobrin]], which in Erickson’s words, ‘deprived 4th Army simultaneously of its reserve and its second echelon.’<ref>John Erickson, Road to Stalingrad, 2003 Cassel Military Paperbacks edition, p.86-7.</ref> Facing the 4th Army across the [[River Bug]] was deployed the German [[Fourth Army (Germany)|Fourth Army]], with twelve infantry divisions and a cavalry division, as well as [[Second Panzer Group (Germany)|Panzer Group 2]]. Some units faced several difficulties; when General Major A.A. Khorobkov, the army commander, saw his officers on 10 June, General Major S.I. Oborin, 14th Mechanised Corps commander, emphasized that more than half his soldiers were untrained recruits, that his artillery had received guns for which there was no ammunition, and that he only had enough lorries to make a quarter of the corps mobile – the rest would have to march.<ref>Erickson, 2003 edition, p.90-1</ref>

 

At the end of September [[1941]], the Fourth Army was formed for the second time, retaining its Independent status until December while remaining in the [[STAVKA Reserve]]. The field staffs of the 52nd and 54th Armies were used to fill the command contingent of the Army. The new formation was made up of the 285th, 292nd, and 311th Rifle Divisions along with the 27th Cavalry Division, a Tank brigade, the 2nd Reserve aviation group, and other artillery and support units.

 

The Fourth Army participated in the defense and attack of [[Tikhvin]] from October to December [[1941]]. On [[December 17]], [[1941]], the Fourth Army was allocated to the [[Volkhov Front]]. From January [[1942]] to November [[1943]], the Fourth Army fought on the front in [[Volkhov]] and [[Siege of Leningrad|Leningrad]] while also doing many rear-area duties. Unlike in other parts of the [[Eastern Front (WWII)|Eastern Front]], the [[Red Army]] was not making significant gains in the north by [[1943]].

 

The 4th Army was disbanded in November [[1943]] and set up again in January [[1944]] as part of the [[Transcaucasus Front]]. The staff of the Fourth Army was composed of the staff of the [[Soviet Thirty Fourth Army|34th Army]]. The Fourth Army was stationed in [[Iran]] until August [[1945]] in accordance with the [[Soviet-Iranian treaty of 1921]].

*167th Fighter Aviation Regiment

 

*[[A.A. Korobkov]] 4th Army (1st formation)

*[[L.M. Sandalov]] 4th Army (2nd formation)

*[[I.G. Sovietnikov]]

 

In the years after [[World War II]] the Fourth Army was stationed in the [[Azerbaijan SSR]] within the [[Transcaucasian Front|Transcaucasus Military District]] until the fall of the Soviet Union. It was headquartered at [[Baku]], and after it arrived from Iran in 1946 the Baku Military District was abolished. Most of the divisions listed below joined the Army's forces in the Baku region toward the end of the 1940s. From its wartime divisions, toward the end of the 1980s only the 60th Motor Rifle Division 'named for Marshal of the Soviet Union F.I. Tolbukhin' (the former 296th, then 6th Rifle Division) remained.

 

In the late 1980s the 4th Combined Arms Army was composed of:

*[[8. Süvari Kolordusu (SSCB)#Savaş sonrası|23. Motorize Piyade Tümeni]] ([[Gence]] ve [[Şamkir]]). (aslen [[7. Muhafız Süvari Kolordusu (SSCB)|7. Muhafız Süvari Kolordusu]]'na bağlı 14. ve 16. muhafız süvari tümenleri)

*Diğer küçük kuruluş ve birimler.

 

<references/>

*V.I. Feskov, K.A. Kalashnikov, V.I. Golikov, The Soviet Army in the Years of the Cold War 1945-91, Tomsk University Publishing House, Tomsk, 1994