Posta tarihi: Revizyonlar arasındaki fark

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'''Posta tarihi''' posta sistemi ve çalışma şeklini açıklamak amacı ile posta sisteminin geçmiş dönemleri ile ilgili posta gönderilerinin toplanması ve bunlar ile ilgili çalışmalar yapılmasıdır. Terimin ilk defa filatelist, pul tüccarı ve müzayedeci olan Robson Lowe tarafından kullanıldığı kabul edilmektedir. 1930'lu yıllarda konu ile organize ilk çalışmaları başlatmış ve filatelistleri "bilim araştırmacıları" posta tarihçilerini ise "insanlık araştırmacıları" olarak tanımlamıştır.<ref>{{cite book | first=Vivien J. | last=Sussex | year=1988 | title=Introducing Postal History | chapter=1 | pages=p5| publisher=British Philatelic Trust in conjunction with The Postal History Society, London }}</ref>

 

===Transportation based studies===

* '''[[Aerophilately]]''' specialises in the study of [[airmail]]. Philatelists observe the development of [[mail]] transport by air from its beginning, and most aspects of airmail service have been extensively studied and documented by specialists, some of which are individually listed. [[Crash cover]]s, [[Imperial Airways]] Empire route mail to [[Australia]] and [[South Africa]], CAM (Contract Air Mail) or FAM (Foreign Air Mail) routes to and from the [[United States]] are a few topics.<ref>[http://www.linns.com/howto/refresher/airmails_20001030/refreshercourse.asp?uID= Linns.com ''Airmail collecting can take you anywhere''] (retrieved 24 February 2007)</ref>

* '''[[Balloon mail]]''' was employed during the [[Siege of Paris]]<ref>[http://www.arago.si.edu/index.asp?con=1&cmd=1&mode=&tid=2029986 ''Siege of Paris Mail''] (retrieved 24 February 2007) Smithsonian [[National Postal Museum]]</ref> to get mail out of the city during the [[Franco-Prussian War]] in [[1870]]. Balloons can be both manned and unmanned but balloon mail is not a common form of mail transport.

 

===Subject based studies===

* '''[[Express mail]]''' is an accelerated delivery service for which the customer pays a surcharge and receives faster delivery. ''Haste Poste Haste'' letters of the [[17th century]] can be considered precursors of modern Express mail as was the [[Pony Express]] mail.<ref>[http://www.arago.si.edu/index.asp?con=1&cmd=1&mode=&tid=2032344 Pony Express Mail] (retrieved 24 February 2007) Smithsonian National Postal Museum</ref> The service for domestic mail is governed by a country's own [[Postal authority]] but since 1998 the international accelerated delivery services are governed by the EMS Cooperative of the [[Universal Postal Union]] (UPU). Studies of domestic, or international express mail are possible as are studies of the Express mail rates.

* '''[[Marcophily]]''' is the study of [[postmark]]s, [[Cancellation (mail)|cancellation]] and [[postal markings]] applied by hand or machine. Though not strictly speaking a postal history topic can be collected as such. It offers vast areas to select a topic for study or collection as the marcopholist is more interested in the details, style and design of the markings than the reason why and where a letter was sent. Large cities that have many [[post office]]s offer great study opportunities due to the vast range of handstamps or machine cancellations in use over any time period.