Babür İmparatorluğu hükümdarları: Revizyonlar arasındaki fark

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Sayfanın 19.06, 11 Ekim 2021 tarihindeki hâli

Şablon:Infobox former monarchyBabür imparatorları Hindistan alt kıtasında Babür İmparatorluğu'nu inşa etti ve yönetti. Babürler 1526'dan itibaren Hindistan'ın bazı bölgelerine hükmetmeye başladı ve 1700'de alt kıtanın çoğuna hükmetti. Bundan sonra hızla gerilediler, ancak 1850'lere kadar nominal olarak bölgeleri yönettiler. Babürler, Orta Asya'dan gelen Türk-Moğol kökenli Timurlu hanedanının bir koluydu. Kurucuları , Fergana Vadisi'nden (modern Özbekistan'da ) bir Timur prensi olan Babur , Timur'un doğrudan soyundan geliyordu ve ayrıca Timur'un bir Cengiz prensesiyle evlenmesi yoluyla Cengiz Han'a bağlıydı.

Many of the later Mughal emperors had significant Indian Rajput and Persian ancestry through marriage alliances as emperors were born to Rajput and Persian princesses.[1] Akbar, for instance, was half-Persian (his mother was of Persian origin), Jahangir was half-Rajput and quarter-Persian, and Shah Jahan was three-quarters Rajput.[2]

Babür İmparatorları Listesi

Portrait Titular Name Birth Name Birth Reign Death Notes
Bābur

بابر
Zahir-ud-din Muhammad

ظہیر الدین محمد
14 February 1483 Andijan, Uzbekistan 20 April 1526 – 26 December 1530 26 December 1530 (aged 47) Agra, India Founded the Empire
Humayun

ہمایوں
Nasir-ud-din Muhammad Humayun

نصیر الدین محمد ہمایوں
6 March 1508 Kabul, Afghanistan 26 December 1530  – 17 May 1540

22 February 1555 – 27 January 1556

27 January 1556 (aged 47) Delhi, India Humayun was overthrown in 1540 by Sher Shah Suri of the Suri dynasty but returned to the throne in 1555 after the death of Islam Shah Suri (Sher Shah Suri's son and successor).
Akbar-i-Azam

اکبر اعظم
Jalal-ud-din Muhammad

جلال الدین محمد اکبر
15 October 1542 Umerkot, Pakistan 11 February 1556 – 27 October 1605 27 October 1605 (aged 63) Agra, India His mother was Persian Hamida Banu Begum.[3]
Jahangir

جہانگیر
Nur-ud-din Muhammad Salim

نور الدین محمد سلیم
31 August 1569 Agra, India 3 November 1605 – 28 October 1627 28 October 1627 (aged 58) Jammu and Kashmir, India His mother was Rajput princess Mariam-uz-Zamani.[4]
Shah-Jahan

شاہ جہان
Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram

شہاب الدین محمد خرم
5 January 1592 Lahore, Pakistan 19 January 1628 – 31 July 1658 22 January 1666 (aged 74) Agra, India Under his reign, the Mughal Empire reached the peak of its cultural glory.[5] Although an able military commander, Shah Jahan is best remembered for his architectural achievements. His reign ushered in the golden age of Mughal architecture. Shah Jahan commissioned many monuments, the best known of which is the Taj Mahal in Agra, in which is entombed his favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahal.
Alamgir I

عالمگیر
Muhy-ud-din Muhammad Aurangzeb

محی الدین محمداورنگزیب
3 November 1618 Gujarat, India 31 July 1658 – 3 March 1707 3 March 1707 (aged 88) Ahmednagar, India His mother was Persian Mumtaz Mahal. He was married to Safavid Dynasty Princess Dilras Banu Begum. He established Islamic law throughout India. After his death, His younger Son Azam Shah became the King (for 3 months) .[6]
Muhammad Azam Shah

محمد اعظم شاہ
Qutb-ud-Din Muhammad Azam

قطب الدين محمد اعظم
28 June 1653 Burhanpur, India 14 March 1707 – 20 June 1707 20 June 1707 (aged 53) Agra, India He was briefly Mughal emperor, who reigned for 3 months. He was the eldest son of Aurangzeb and his chief consort Dilras Banu Begum.[7]
Bahadur Shah

بہادر شاہ
Qutb-ud-Din Muhammad Mu'azzam Shah Alam

قطب الدین محمد معزام
14 October 1643 Burhanpur, India 19 June 1707 – 27 February 1712 27 February 1712 (aged 68) Lahore, Pakistan He made settlements with the Marathas, tranquilised the Rajputs, and became friendly with the Sikhs in the Punjab.
Jahandar Shah

جہاندار شاہ
Mu'izz-ud-Din Jahandar Shah Bahadur

معز الدین جہاندار شاہ بہادر
9 May 1661 Deccan, India 27 February 1712 – 11 February 1713 12 February 1713 (aged 51) Delhi, India Highly influenced by his Grand Vizier Zulfikar Khan.
Farrukhsiyar

فرخ سیر
Farrukhsiyar

فرخ سیر
20 August 1685 Aurangabad, India 11 January 1713 – 28 February 1719 19 April 1719 (aged 33) Delhi, India Granted a firman to the East India Company in 1717 granting them duty-free trading rights for Bengal, strengthening their posts on the east coast. The firman or decree helped British East India company to import goods into Bengal without paying customs duty to the government.
Rafi ud-Darajat

رفیع الدرجات
Rafi ud-Darajat

رفیع الدرجات
1 December 1699 28 February – 6 June 1719 6 June 1719 (aged 19) Agra, India Rise of Syed Brothers as power brokers.
Shah Jahan II

شاہ جہان دوم
Rafi ud-Daulah

شاہ جہاں دوم
June 1696 6 June 1719 – 17 September 1719 18 September 1719 (aged 23) Agra, India Succeeded Rafi ud-Darajat after being chosen by the Sayyid brothers.
Muhammad Shah

محمد شاہ
Roshan Akhtar Bahadur

روشن اختر بہادر
7 August 1702 Ghazni, Afghanistan 27 September 1719 – 26 April 1748 26 April 1748 (aged 45) Delhi, India Got rid of the Sayyid Brothers. Fought a long war with the Marathas, losing Deccan and Malwa in the process. Suffered the invasion of Nader Shah of Persia in 1739. He was the last emperor to possess effective control over the empire.
Ahmad Shah Bahadur

احمد شاہ بہادر
Ahmad Shah Bahadur

احمد شاہ بہادر
23 December 1725 Delhi, India 29 April 1748 – 2 June 1754 1 January 1775 (aged 49) Delhi, India Mughal forces defeated by the Marathas at the Battle of Sikandarabad.
Alamgir II

عالمگیر دوم
Aziz-ud-din

عزیز اُلدین
6 June 1699 Burhanpur, India 3 June 1754 – 29 November 1759 29 November 1759 (aged 60) Kotla Fateh Shah, India Domination of Vizier Imad-ul-Mulk.
Shah Jahan III

شاہ جہان سوم
Muhi-ul-millat

محی اُلملت
1711 10 December 1759 – 10 October 1760 1772 (aged 60–61) Consolidation of power by the Nawab of Bengal-Bihar-Odisha.
Shah Alam II

شاہ عالم دوم
Ali Gauhar

علی گوہر
25 June 1728 Delhi, India 10 October 1760 – 31 July 1788 19 November 1806 (aged 78) Delhi, India Defeat in the Battle of Buxar.
Jahan Shah IV

جہان شاه چہارم
Bidar Bakht Mahmud Shah Bahadur Jahan Shah

 بیدار بخت محمود شاه بهادر جہان شاہ 
1749 Delhi, India 31 July 1788 – 11 October 1788 1790 (aged 40–41) Delhi, India Enthroned as a puppet Emperor by the Rohilla Ghulam Kadir, following the temporary overthrow of Shah Alam II.
Shah Alam II

شاہ عالم دوم
Ali Gauhar

علی گوہر
25 June 1728 Delhi, India 16 October 1788 – 19 November 1806 19 November 1806 (aged 78) Delhi, India Second reign.
Akbar Shah II

اکبر شاہ دوم
Mirza Akbar

میرزا اکبر
22 April 1760 Mukundpur, India 19 November 1806 – 28 September 1837 28 September 1837 (aged 77) Delhi, India Titular figurehead under British protection.
Bahadur Shah II

بہادر شاہ دوم
Abu Zafar Sirajuddin Muhammad Bahadur Shah Zafar

ابو ظفر سراج اُلدین محمد بہادر شاہ ظفر
24 October 1775 Delhi, India 28 September 1837 – 21 September 1857 7 November 1862 (aged 87) Rangoon, Myanmar Last Mughal Emperor. Deposed by the British and was exiled to Burma after the rebellion of 1857.

Not: Babür İmparatorları çok eşlilik uyguladılar. Karılarının yanı sıra haremlerinde çocuk sahibi olan çok sayıda cariyeleri de vardı. Bu, her imparatorun tüm çocuklarını tanımlamayı zorlaştırır. [8]   

Kaynaklar

daha fazla okuma

  • Pusalker, A. D.; Majumdar, A. K., (Ed.) (1973). The History and Culture of the Indian People. VII: The Mughal Empire. Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.  r eksik |soyadı1= (yardım)

Dış bağlantılar

  1. ^ The Foundations of the Composite Culture in India. Akkar Books. January 1, 2007. s. 300. ISBN 978-8-189-83318-3. 
  2. ^ The Great Mughals and their India. Hay House. 2016. s. 15. ISBN 9789384544980. 
  3. ^ The History of Humayun (Humayun-Nama). Royal Asiatic Society. 1902. ss. 237–239. 
  4. ^ South Asia in World History. Oxford University Press. 2017. s. 79. ISBN 978-0199760343. 
  5. ^ Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India (İngilizce). Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. 1986. s. 59. ISBN 978-8120710153. 
  6. ^ The Foundations of the Composite Culture in India. Aakar Books. 2007. s. 300. ISBN 978-8-189-83318-3. 
  7. ^ Emperors of the peacock throne : the saga of the great Mughals. Rev. New Delhi: Penguin books. 2000. ss. 510–513. ISBN 978-0141001432. 
  8. ^ The Last Mughal. London: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. 2006. s. 44. ISBN 978-1-4088-0092-8.