Orta Çağ'da teknoloji: Revizyonlar arasındaki fark

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171. satır:
'''[[Chess|Satranç]]''' (1450)
 
İlk olarak 6. yüzyılda Hindistan'da ortaya çıktı. İran ve Müslümanlar aracılığıyla Avrupaya yayıldılar.
The earliest predecessors of the game originated in 6th-century AD India and spread via Persia and the Muslim world to Europe. Here the game evolved into its current form in the 15th century.
'''[[ForestAhşap glasscamı]]''' (c. 1000)
 
Odun külü ve kum karışımından yapılan sarımsı-yeşil renkte cam çeşidi.
'''[[Forest glass]]''' (c. 1000)
 
This type of glass uses [[wood ash]] and sand as the main raw materials and is characterised by a variety of greenish-yellow colours.
 
'''[[Grindstone (tool)|Grindstone]]s''' (834)
Satır 185 ⟶ 184:
Alcohol distillation was introduced by Pūr Sinɑʼ (Persian ابن سینا or ابو علی‌ سینا or پور سينا Pur-e Sina; [ˈpuːr ˈsiːnɑː] "son of Sina";[full citation needed] August c. 980 – June 1037), commonly known as Ibn Sīnā, or in Arabic writing Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Sīnā. It was initially used as a medicinal elixir and was a popular remedy for the Black Death during the 14th century. Drinks such as [[vodka]], [[gin]] and [[brandy]] come into form.
 
'''[[Magnet|MıknatıMıknatıs]]s''' (12th century)
 
Magnets were first referenced in the ''[[Roman d'Enéas]]'', composed between 1155 and 1160.
Satır 197 ⟶ 196:
Guido da Vigevano (c. 1280 − 1349) was the first author to add illustrations to his anatomical descriptions. His ''Anathomia'' provides [[picture]]s of [[neuroanatomy|neuroanatomical]] structures and techniques such as the dissection of the head by means of [[trephination]], and depictions of the [[meninges]], [[cerebrum]], and [[spinal cord]].<ref>{{harvnb|Di Ieva|2007|pp=1–4}}</ref>
 
'''[[QuarantineKarantina]]''' (1377)
 
Kelime anlamı olarak 40 anlamına gelir. İlk karantina uygulaması 1377’de Venedik ve Dubrovnik’te yapıldı, ilk karantinahane ise 1423 yılında Venedik yakınlarında [[Santa Maria di Nazareth]] adasında kuruldu. <ref>https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/karantina TDVİA "Karantina" maddesi</ref>
Initially a 40-day-period, the quarantine was introduced by the [[Republic of Ragusa]] as a measure of disease prevention related to the [[Black Death]]. It was later adopted by Venice from where the practice spread all around in Europe.
 
'''[[MouseFare trap|Rat trapkapanı]]s''' (1170s1170ler)
 
Theİlk firstfare mentionkapanından of a[[Chrétien ratde trap is in the medieval romanceTroyes]]'ın ''[[Yvain, the Knight of the Lion]]'' byisimli [[Chrétienorta deçağ Troyes]]romanında bahsedilir.
 
'''[[Soap|Sabun]]''' (9th century)
 
9. yüzyılda yarı sıvı sabun Avrupa'da kullanıldı daha sonra Araplar 12. yüzyılda katı sabunu icat ettiler.
Soap came into widespread European use in the 9th century in semi-liquid form, with hard soap perfected by the Arabs in the 12th century.
 
== Askeri Teknoloji ==