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"Tony Award" sayfasının çevrilmesiyle oluşturuldu.
Etiketler: İçerik Çevirmeni İçerik Çevirmeni 2
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'''Tony ödülleri''' [[Amerika Birleşik Devletleri|ABD]]'de verilen [[tiyatro]] ödülleridir. Asıl adı ''The Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre'' olan bu ödüller [[New York]] kentinde düzenlenen bir törenle verilmektedir. Ödüllerin kapsamında sadece [[Broadway]] yapımlarına verilmektedir.
 
'''Antoinette Perry Broadway Tiyatrosu'nda Mükemmellik Ödülü,''' <ref>American Theatre Wing. [http://www.tonyawards.com/pdf/Trademark_Rules_2104.pdf "2014 Rules for use of Tony Awards trademarks"] tonyawards.com, Apr 8, 2017</ref> daha yaygın adıyla '''Tony Ödülü''', [[Broadway tiyatrosu|Broadway tiyatrosunda]] üstünlüğü verilen ödül. Ödüller American Theatre Wing ve Broadway League tarafından [[Midtown Manhattan|Midtown Manhattan'da]]<nowiki/>her yıl sahiplerini bulmaktadır. Broadway yapımları ve performansları için dağıtılan ödüllerin yanı sıra, Amerika'daki bölgesel tiyatrolar için de bir ödül verilmektedir. ''Special Tony Award'', ''Tony Honors for Excellence in Theatre'' ve ''Isabelle Stevenson Award'' gibi adaylıksız, özel ödüller de gerekli görülürse sahiplerini bulmaktadır.<ref>Staff (undated). [http://www.tonyawards.com/en_US/about/index.html "Who's Who"]. tonyawards.com. Retrieved September 13, 2013.</ref> Ödül adını American Theatre Wing'in kurucu ortağı olan Antoinette "Tony" Perry'den almaktadır.
== Dış bağlantılar ==
* http://www.tonyawards.com/
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Tony Ödülleri için geçerli olan kurallar, sadece o sezon için geçerli olan "The American Theatre Wing'in Tony Ödülleri Kuralları ve Düzenlemeleri" adlı resmi belgede belirtilmiştir.<ref name="rules">[http://www.tonyawards.com/pdf/2014_Tony_Rules_Regulations_April_25.pdf "Tony Awards Rules and Regulations for 2013–14 season"] tonyawards.com, accessed June 12, 2014</ref> Tony Ödülleri ABD'de verilen en prestijli tiyatro ödülüdür, Tony ödülüne denk olarak; film için [[Akademi Ödülleri]] (Oscar), televizyon için [[Emmy Ödülleri]] ve müzik [[Grammy Ödülleri]] kabul edilmektedir. EGOT bu dört büyük ödülü temsil etmekte olup dördüncü harf Tony'i temsil etmektedir. [[Birleşik Krallık|İngiltere'deki]] [[Laurence Olivier Ödülleri]] ile [[Fransa|Fransa'daki]] Molière Ödülleri Tony Ödüllerine eşdeğer olarak kabul edimektedir.
[[Kategori:Tony Ödülleri| ]]
 
== Ödül kategorileri ==
 
=== Performans kategorileri ===
{{Div sütunu|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play|Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Play]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play|Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Play]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Actor in a Musical|Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Musical]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Musical|Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Musical]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play|Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Play]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play|Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical|Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical|Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical]]
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=== Gösteri kategorileri ve teknik kategoriler ===
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* [[Tony Award for Best Musical|Best Musical]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Revival of a Musical|Best Revival of a Musical]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Best Direction of a Musical]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Book of a Musical|Best Book of a Musical]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Original Score|Best Original Score]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Orchestrations|Best Orchestrations]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Choreography|Best Choreography]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Scenic Design in a Musical|Best Scenic Design in a Musical]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Costume Design in a Musical|Best Costume Design in a Musical]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Lighting Design in a Musical|Best Lighting Design in a Musical]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Sound Design|Best Sound Design of a Musical]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Play|Best Play]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Revival of a Play|Best Revival of a Play]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Play|Best Direction of a Play]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Scenic Design in a Play|Best Scenic Design in a Play]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Costume Design in a Play|Best Costume Design in a Play]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Lighting Design in a Play|Best Lighting Design in a Play]]
* [[Tony Award for Best Sound Design|Best Sound Design of a Play]]
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=== Özel ödüller ===
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* [[Regional Theatre Tony Award]]
* [[Special Tony Award]] (includes Lifetime Achievement Award)
* [[Tony Honors for Excellence in Theatre]]
* [[Isabelle Stevenson Award]]
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== Ödül rekorları ==
 
=== Yapımlar ===
 
* Adaylıklar: The most Tony nominations ever received by a single production was the musical ''Hamilton'' (2016) with 16 nominations in 13 categories, narrowly passing the previous holders of this record, ''The Producers'' (2001; 15 nominations in 12 categories) and ''Billy Elliot'' (2009; 15 nominations in 13 categories). The most Tony nominations for a non-musical play was the revival of ''[[Angels in America (oyun)|Angels in America]]'' (2018; 11 nominations in 10 categories).
* Wins: The most Tony Awards ever received by a single production was the musical ''The Producers'' (2001) with 12 awards, including Best Musical.
* Non-musical wins: The most Tonys ever received by a non-musical play was ''[[The Coast of Utopia (oyun)|The Coast of Utopia]]'' (2007) with 7 awards, including Best Play.
* Most nominated with fewest wins: Musicals <nowiki><i id="mw_g">Mean Girls</i></nowiki> (2018) and ''The Scottsboro Boys'' (2011) are tied: both were nominated for 12 Tony Awards but did not win any. ''The Scottsboro Boys'' also holds the record for most nominations for a closed show (having closed nearly six months before the Tony Awards).
* Four productions, all musicals, have won all "big six" awards for their category: ''South Pacific'' (1950 awards), ''[[Sweeney Todd: the Demon Barber of Fleet Street|Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street]]'' (1979 awards), ''Hairspray'' (2003 awards) and ''The Band's Visit'' (2018 awards); each won the Best Musical, Best Score, Best Book, Best Performance by a Leading Actor, Best Performance by a Leading Actress, and Best Direction awards.
* Acting Awards: Only one production, ''South Pacific'' (1950 awards), has won all four of the acting awards in a single year.
* Words and Music: Only six musicals have won the Tony Award for Best Musical when a person had (co-)written the Book (non-sung dialogue and storyline) and the Score (music and lyrics): 1958 winner ''The Music Man'' (Meredith Willson – award for Book and Score did not exist that year), 1986 winner ''The Mystery of Edwin Drood'' (Rupert Holmes – who also won for Book and Score), 1996 winner ''[[Rent (müzikal)|Rent]]'' (Jonathan Larson posthumously – who also won for Book and Score), 2011 winner ''The Book of Mormon'' ([[Trey Parker]], Robert Lopez, and [[Matt Stone]] also won for Book and Score), 2016 winner <nowiki><i id="mwASk">Hamilton</i></nowiki> ([[Lin-Manuel Miranda]] also won for Book and Score), and 2019 winner ''Hadestown'' (Anaïs Mitchell also won for Score).
* Design Awards: Nine shows have swept the Design Awards (original 3 of Best Scenic Design, Best Costume Design, Best Lighting Design – joined by Best Sound Design starting in 2008): ''Follies'' (1972), ''The Phantom of the Opera'' (1986), ''The Lion King'' (1998), ''The Producers'' (2001), ''The Light in the Piazza'' (2005), ''The Coast of Utopia'' (2007), the 2008 revival of ''South Pacific'' (first to sweep the expanded four awards for Creative Arts), ''Peter and the Starcatcher'' (first straight play to sweep the expanded four awards for Creative Arts) (2012), and ''[[Harry Potter and the Cursed Child]]'' (2018).
* Revivals: ''[[Satıcının Ölümü|Death of a Salesman]]'' by [[Arthur Miller]] in 2012 became the first show (play or musical) to win as Best Production in four different years, Best Play at the 1949 awards, Best Revival at the 1984 awards (before the Best Revival award was split into two categories for Play and Musical in 1994), and Best Revival of a Play at the 1999 and 2012 awards. ''La Cage aux Folles'' made history as the first musical to win as Best Production in three different years, Best Musical at the 1984 awards and Best Revival of a Musical at both the 2005 awards and the 2010 awards. ''The King and I'' has also garnered 3 Tony Awards, one for each time it has been produced on Broadway, first as Best Musical and then twice as Best Revival of a Musical.
 
=== Individuals ===
 
* Wins: [[Harold Prince]] has won 21 Tony Awards, more than anyone else, including eight for Best Direction of a Musical, eight for Best Musical, two for Best Producer of a Musical, and three special Tony Awards. Tommy Tune has won ten Tony Awards including three for direction, four for choreography, two for performing, and one special Tony Award. Stephen Sondheim has won more music Tony Awards than any other individual, with eight awards (six for Best Original Score, one for Best Composer, and one for Best Lyricist). [[Bob Fosse]] has won the most Tonys for choreography, also eight. Oliver Smith has won a record eight scenic design Tony Awards. Jules Fisher has won the most lighting design awards, with nine. Audra McDonald has the most performance Tony Awards with six. Terrence McNally and [[Tom Stoppard]] are the most awarded writers with four Tonys each; McNally has won Best Play twice and Best Book of a Musical twice, while Stoppard has won Best Play four times.
* Most nominations: [[Julie Harris]] and Chita Rivera have been nominated more often than any other performer, a total of ten times.
* Performers in two categories: Six performers have been nominated in two acting categories in the same year: [[Amanda Plummer]], Dana Ivey, Kate Burton, [[Jan Maxwell]], [[Mark Rylance]], and Jeremy Pope. Plummer in 1982 was nominated for Best Actress in a Play for ''A Taste of Honey'' and Best Featured Actress in a Play for ''Agnes of God,'' for which she won. Ivey in 1984 was nominated as Best Featured Actress in Musical for ''Sunday in the Park with George'' and Best Featured Actress in a Play for ''Heartbreak House.'' In 2002, Burton was nominated for Best Actress in Play for ''[[Hedda Gabler]]'' and Best Featured Actress in a Play for ''[[Fil Adam (oyun)|The Elephant Man]]''. Maxwell was nominated in 2010 for Best Actress in a Play for ''The Royal Family'' and Best Featured Actress in a Play for ''Lend Me a Tenor''. Rylance was nominated in 2014 for Best Actor in a Play for ''[[III. Richard|Richard III]]'' and Best Featured Actor in a Play for ''[[On İkinci Gece|Twelfth Night]]'', for which he won. Pope was nominated in 2019 for Best Actor in a Play for ''Choir Boy'' and Best Featured Actor in a Musical for ''Ain't Too Proud''.
* Performers in all categories: Five performers have been nominated for all four performance awards for which a performer is eligible.
** Boyd Gaines was the first performer to be nominated for each of Best Featured Actor in a Play in ''The Heidi Chronicles'' (1989), Best Actor in a Musical for ''She Loves Me'' (1994), Best Featured Actor in a Musical for ''Contact'' (2000) and ''Gypsy'' (2008) and Best Actor in a Play for ''Journey's End'' (2007). Gaines won in three of the categories (and four of the five nominations), missing only for the performance in ''Journey's End''.
** Raúl Esparza was the second performer to be nominated in all four categories (no wins), achieving this over a mere six seasons: Best Featured Actor in a Musical for ''Taboo'' (2004), Best Actor in a Musical for ''Company'' (2007), Best Featured Actor in a Play for ''The Homecoming'' (2008), and Best Actor in a Play for ''[[Bağla Şu İşi|Speed-the-Plow]]'' (2009).
** [[Angela Lansbury]] was the third performer to be nominated for all four performance awards. She won Best Actress in a Musical for ''Mame'' (1966), ''Dear World'' (1969), ''Gypsy'' (1975), and ''[[Sweeney Todd: the Demon Barber of Fleet Street|Sweeney Todd]]'' (1979). She was nominated for Best Actress in a Play for ''Deuce'' (2007). She won Best Featured Actress in a Play for ''Blithe Spirit'' (2009). She was nominated for Featured Actress in a Musical for ''A Little Night Music'' (2010).
** [[Jan Maxwell]] became the fourth performer to achieve this distinction by being nominated for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for ''Chitty Chitty Bang Bang'' (2005), Best Featured Actress in a Play for ''Coram Boy'' (2007) and ''Lend Me a Tenor'' (2010), Best Actress in a Play for ''The Royal Family'' (2010), and Best Actress in a Musical for ''Follies'' (2012).
** Audra McDonald became the fifth performer to accomplish the feat and the first to win in all four categories, winning Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical for ''Carousel'' (1994) and ''Ragtime'' (1998), Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play for ''Master Class'' (1996) and ''A Raisin in the Sun'' (2004), Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical for ''Porgy and Bess'' (2012), and Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Play for ''Lady Day at Emerson's Bar and Grill'' (2014). She was nominated for Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical for ''Marie Christine'' (2000) and ''110 in the Shade'' (2007).
* Performers Playing Opposite Sex: While several performers have won Tonys for roles that have involved cross-dressing, only four have won for playing a character of the opposite sex: [[Mary Martin]] in the title role of ''Peter Pan'' (1955), [[Harvey Fierstein]] as Edna Turnblad in ''Hairspray'' (2003), [[Mark Rylance]] as Olivia in ''[[On İkinci Gece|Twelfth Night]]'' (2014), and Lena Hall as Yitzhak in ''Hedwig and the Angry Inch'' (2014). In 2000, Australian actor Barry Humphries won the Special Tony Award for a live theatrical event at the 55th Annual Tony Awards for ''Dame Edna: The Royal Tour''.
* Shared Performances: All three of the young actors who shared the duties of performing the lead character in ''Billy Elliot the Musical'' (2009 awards){{spaced ndash}} David Alvarez, Trent Kowalik and Kiril Kulish{{spaced ndash}} also shared a single nomination, then shared the win, for Best Actor in a Musical. Previously, the only prior joint winners were John Kani and [[Winston Ntshona]], who shared the [[En İyi Erkek Oyuncu Tony Ödülü (Oyun)|Best Actor in a Play]] award in 1975 for ''Sizwe Banzi is Dead'' and ''The Island'', two plays they co-wrote and co-starred in.
* Both sexes in one role: Ben Vereen and Patina Miller both won, respectively, Best Actor in a Musical in 1972 and Best Actress in a Musical in 2013 for the role of the Leading Player in ''Pippin'', marking the first time the same role has been won by both a male and a female in a Broadway production.
* Writing and performing: Two people have won Tonys as an author and as a performer. [[Harvey Fierstein]] won Best Play and Best Lead Actor in a Play for ''Torch Song Trilogy'' (1983), Best Book of a Musical for ''La Cage aux Folles'', and Best Lead Actor in a Musical for ''Hairspray''. [[Tracy Letts]], the author of 2008 Best Play ''August: Osage County'', won Best Lead Actor in a Play for ''Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?'' (2013).
* Youngest and oldest composers to win: [[Lin-Manuel Miranda]] is the youngest person to win the award; he was 28 when he won for ''[[In the Heights|In The Heights]]''. Adolph Green is the oldest person to win the award; he was 76 when he won for ''The Will Rogers Follies''. If [[T. S. Eliot]] were alive when he won for ''[[Cats]]'', he would have been 94. Eliot is one of two people to receive the award posthumously, the other being Jonathan Larson, who won for ''[[Rent (müzikal)|Rent]]''. He would have been 36.
 
=== Firsts ===
 
* First African-American to win Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical: Juanita Hall for ''South Pacific'' in 1950.
* First African-American to win Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Musical: [[Harry Belafonte]] for ''John Murray Anderson's Almanac'' in 1954.
* First female author to win [[En İyi Oyun Tony Ödülü|Best Play]]: Frances Goodrich with her partner (and husband) Albert Hackett for ''The Diary of Anne Frank'' in 1956.
* First African-American to win Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical: [[Diahann Carroll]] for ''No Strings'' in 1962.
* First African-American to win [[En İyi Erkek Oyuncu Tony Ödülü (Oyun)|Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Play]]: [[James Earl Jones]] for ''The Great White Hope'' in 1969.
* First African-American to win Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Musical: Cleavon Little for ''Purlie'' in 1970.
* First African-American author to win [[En İyi Oyun Tony Ödülü|Best Play]]: Joseph A. Walker for ''The River Niger'' in 1974.
* First female nominee to win Tony Award for Best Score: Betty Comden for ''On the Twentieth Century'' in 1978. (In 1968, she became the first female to win the previous version of the Best Score Award, the Tony Award for Best Composer And Lyricist for ''Hallelujah, Baby!''
* First Asian-American author to win [[En İyi Oyun Tony Ödülü|Best Play]]: David Henry Hwang for ''M Butterfly'' in 1988.
* First Asian-American to win Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Play: BD Wong for ''M Butterfly'' in 1988.
* First female author to solely win [[En İyi Oyun Tony Ödülü|Best Play]]: Wendy Wasserstein for ''The Heidi Chronicles'' in 1989.
* First Asian to win Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical: Lea Salonga for ''Miss Saigon'' in 1991.
* First female nominee to win Best Direction of a Musical: Julie Taymor for ''The Lion King'' in 1998.
* First female nominee to win Best Direction of a Play: Garry Hynes for ''[[Leenane'in Güzellik Kraliçesi (oyun)|The Beauty Queen of Leenane]]'' in 1998.
* First African-American to win [[En İyi Kadın Oyuncu Tony Ödülü (Oyun)|Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Play]]: Phylicia Rashad for ''A Raisin in the Sun'' in 2004.
* First Brazilian to win Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Musical: Paulo Szot for ''South Pacific'' in 2008.
* First female nominee to solely win Tony Award for Best Score: [[Cyndi Lauper]] for ''Kinky Boots'' in 2013.
* First Asian-American to win Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical: Ruthie Ann Miles for ''The King and I'' in 2015.
* First female team to win Tony Award for Best Score and Tony Award for Best Book: Jeanine Tesori & Lisa Kron for <nowiki><i id="mwAlk">Fun Home</i></nowiki> in 2015.
* First Lebanese-American to win Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Musical: [[Tony Shalhoub]] for ''The Band's Visit'' in 2018.
* First Yemeni-American to win Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Musical: Ari'el Stachel for ''The Band's Visit'' in 2018.
* First person who uses a wheelchair to be nominated for and to receive a Tony Award for acting: Ali Stroker with the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for ''Oklahoma!'' in 2019.<ref>{{Web kaynağı|url=https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/ali-stroker-makes-history-wheelchair-tony-award.amp|başlık=Tony Award winner Ali Stroker makes history as first wheelchair user to win trophy|erişimtarihi=2019-06-10|tarih=|yayıncı=Fox News}}</ref>
 
== Kaynakça ==
{{Kaynakça|30em}}
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