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6. satır:
'''Orta Avrupa''', [[Doğu Avrupa|Doğu]] ile [[Batı Avrupa]] arasındaki bir bölgedir.
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'''Central Europe''' is the [[region]] lying between the variously defined areas of [[Eastern Europe|Eastern]] and [[Western Europe|Western]] [[Europe]]. The term and widespread interest in the region itself came back into fashion<ref name=Economist>{{Web kaynağı | url = http://www.economist.com/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=E1_PRSTNSV | başlık = Central Europe — The future of the Visegrad group | erişimtarihi = 2009-03-07 | çalışma = [[The Economist]] | tarih = 2005-04-14 | arşivurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20090923093055/http://www.economist.com:80/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=E1_PRSTNSV | arşivtarihi = 23 Eylül 2009}}</ref> after the end of the [[Cold War]], which, along with the [[Iron Curtain]], had divided Europe politically into East and West, splitting Central Europe in half.
The concept of Central Europe, and that of a common [[Cultural identity|identity]], is somewhat elusive.<ref>{{harvnb|Agh|1998|pages=2-8}}
</ref><ref>http://www.pehe.cz/prednasky/2002/central-european-identity-in-politics</ref><ref>http://www.culturelink.org/conf/cultid01/index.html</ref> However, scholars assert that a distinct "Central European [[culture]], as [[controversial]] and debated the notion may be, exists."<ref name="books.google.com">http://books.google.com/books?id=k9IwimrMIQgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=central+european+culture</ref><ref>{{Web kaynağı | url = http://ceu.bard.edu/academic/documents/MandatorycourseonCentralEurope.pdf | başlık = An Introduction to Central Europe: History, Culture, and Politics - Preparatory Course for Study Abroad Undergraduate Students at CEU | erişimtarihi = | çalışma = [[Central European University]] | tarih = Fall 2006 | yer = [[Budapest]] | arşivurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20110807084027/http://ceu.bard.edu/academic/documents/MandatorycourseonCentralEurope.pdf | arşivtarihi = 7 Ağustos 2011}}</ref> It is based on "similarities emanating from historical, social and cultural [[Property|characteristic]]s",<ref name="books.google.com"/><ref>http://www.ces.uj.edu.pl/fiut/culture.htım</ref> and it is identified as having been "one of the world's richest sources of creative talent" between the 17th and 20th centuries.<ref name="h-net.org">http://www.h-net.org/~habsweb/occasionalpapers/untaughtlessons.html</ref> A [[UN]] paper employs 8 factors "to define a cultural region called 'Central Europe'".<ref>http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/gegn23wp48.pdf</ref> ''Cross Currents: A Yearbook of Central European Culture'' characterized "Central Europe as an abandoned West or a place where East and West collide".<ref>http://quod.lib.umich.edu/c/crossc/intro.html</ref>
As of the [[2000's]], Central Europe is going through a phase of "strategic awakening",<ref>http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/0,1518,610019,00.html</ref> and multiple Central European countries are routinely listed among the world's 30 most [[developed countries]].<ref>http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/01/weodata/groups.htm#ae</ref><ref>http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/DATASTATISTICS/0,,contentMDK:20421402~pagePK:64133150~piPK:64133175~theSitePK:239419,00.html</ref> However, in Western [[popular culture]], much of the region is still erroneously associated with Cold War era "backwardness".<ref name="h-net.org"/><ref>http://www.spectator.sk/articles/view/27722/9/</ref><ref>http://www.ce-review.org/99/23/lovatt23.html</ref>
16. satır:
== Devletler ==
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The understanding of the concept of ''Central Europe'' is an ongoing source of controversy<ref>{{Web kaynağı | url = http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1124570.html?refid=gg_x_02 | başlık = For the Record - The Washington Post - HighBeam Research | erişimtarihi = | arşivengelli = evet}}</ref>, though the [[Visegrád Group]] constituents are generally included as ''[[de facto]]'' C.E. countries.{{fact}}<!--<ref name=Economist/>-->
Genel olarak Orta Avrupa ülkesi sayılan ülkeler:
72. satır:
* as a mode of self-perception, despite the debated nature of the concept Central Europeans generally agree on which peoples are to be excluded from this club: for example [[Serbs]], [[Bulgarians]], [[Romanians]] and [[Russians]].<ref name="Johnson, p. 6">Johnson, p. 6</ref>
He also thinks that Central Europe is a dynamical historical concept, not a static spatial one. For example, [[Lithuania]], a fair share of [[Belarus]] and western [[Ukraine]] are in [[Eastern Europe]] today, but 250 years ago they were in Poland.<ref name="Johnson, p. 4"/><br>
Johnson's study on Central Europe received acclaim and positive reviews<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/52992/robert-legvold/central-europe-enemies-neighbors-friends|başlık=Central Europe: Enemies, Neighbors, Friends|son=Legvold|ilk=Robert|tarih=Mayıs/Haziran 1997|iş=Foreign Affairs|yayımcı=Council on Foreign Relations|erişimtarihi=20.05.2009}}</ref><ref>{{Web kaynağı | url = http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Politics/InternationalStudies/?view=usa&ci=9780195148251&view=usa | başlık = Selected as "Editor's Choice" of the History Book Club | erişimtarihi = 20.05.2009 | iş = [[Oxford University Press]] | arşivengelli = evet}}</ref> in the scientific community.
[[The Columbia Encyclopedia]] defines Central Europe as: Germany, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary.<ref name=Columbia>{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=[[Columbia Encyclopedia]] |title=Europe |accessdate=2009-05-01 |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]]|year=2009}}</ref> [[The World Factbook]]<ref name=Fact/> and [[Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]] use the same definition adding Slovenia too. [[Encarta Encyclopedia]] does not clearly define the region, but places the same countries into Central Europe in its individual articles on countries, adding Slovenia in "south central Europe".<ref name=Encarta>{{Web kaynağı | url = http://encarta.msn.com/ | başlık = [[Encarta]] | erişimtarihi = 01.05.2009 | yıl = 2009 | arşivurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20081026111707/http://encarta.msn.com/ | arşivtarihi = 26 Ekim 2008}}</ref>
The German Encyclopaedia ''Meyers grosses Taschenlexikon'' ({{lang-en|Meyers Big Pocket Encyclopedia}}), 1999, defines Central Europe as the central part of Europe with no precise borders to the East and West. The term is mostly used to denominate the territory between the [[Schelde]] to [[Vistula River|Vistula]] and from the [[Danube]] to the [[Moravian Gate]]. Usually the countries considered to be Central European are Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Poland, the Czech republick, Slovakia, Hungary, in the broader sense Romania too, occasionally also the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg.
83. satır:
Dosya:Visegrad group countries.png|According to [[The Economist]] and [[Ronald Tiersky]] a strict definition of Central Europe means the [[Visegrád Group]]{{fact}}<!--<ref name=Economist/><ref name="t472" />-->
Dosya:Central Europe (Lonnie R. Johnson).PNG|Map of Central Europe, according to Lonnie R. Johnson (1996)<ref>Johnson, p.11-12</ref>{{legend|#FF0000|Countries usually considered Central European (citing the [[World Bank]] and the [[OECD]])}}{{legend|#FFB6C1|Easternmost Western European countries considered to be Central European only in the broader sense of the term.}}
Dosya:Central Europe (Brockhaus).PNG|Central Europe according to [[The World Factbook]] (2009)<ref name=Fact>{{Web kaynağı | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2144.html | başlık = The World Factbook: Field listing - Location | erişimtarihi = 03.05.2009 | yayımcı = [[Central Intelligence Agency]] | yıl = 2009 | iş = [[The World Factbook]] | arşivurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20160819065618/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2144.html | arşivtarihi = 19 Ağustos 2016}}</ref> and [[Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]] (1998)
Dosya:Central-Europe-map2.png|Central Europe according to [[Columbia Encyclopedia]] (2009){{fact}}<!--<ref name=Columbia/>-->
Dosya:Central Europe (Meyers Grosses Taschenlexikon).PNG|The Central European Countries according to Meyers grosses Taschenlexikon (1999):<br />{{legend|#FF0000|Countries usually considered Central European}}{{legend|#FB607F|Central European countries in the broader sense of the term}}{{legend|#FFB6C1|Countries occasionally considered to be Central European}}
128. satır:
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=== Central Europe behind the Iron Curtain ===
Following [[World War II]], large parts of Europe that were culturally and historically Western became part of the [[Eastern bloc]]. Consequently, the English term ''Central Europe'' was increasingly applied only to the westernmost former Warsaw Pact countries (East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary) to specify them as communist states that were culturally tied to Western Europe.<ref>{{Web kaynağı | url = http://science.jrank.org/pages/11015/Regions-Regionalism-Eastern-Europe-Central-versus-Eastern-Europe.html | başlık = "Central versus Eastern Europe" | erişimtarihi = | arşivurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20160304193351/http://science.jrank.org/pages/11015/Regions-Regionalism-Eastern-Europe-Central-versus-Eastern-Europe.html | arşivtarihi = 4 Mart 2016}}</ref> This usage continued after the end of the Warsaw Pact when these countries started to undergo transition.
The post-WWII period brought blocking of the research on Central Europe in the [[Eastern Block]] countries, as its every result proved the dissimilarity of Central Europe, which was inconsistent with the [[Soviet]] doctrine. On the other hand, the topic became popular in Western Europe and the United States, much of the research being carried out by immigrants from Central Europe.<ref>One of the main representatives was Oscar Halecki and his book ''The limits and divisions of European history'', London and New York 1950</ref>. At the end of the communism, publicists and historians in Central Europe, especially anti-communist opposition, came back to their research.<ref>A. Podraza, Europa Środkowa jako region historyczny, 17th Congress of Polish Historians, Jagiellonian University 2004</ref>
162. satır:
[[Dosya:Carpathian Basin-Pannonian Basin.jpg|thumbnail|sol|[[Pannonia]] Ovası, [[Alpler]] (Batında), [[Karpatlar]] (Kuzey ve Doğunda) ve [[Sava]]/[[Danube]] (Güneyinde) arasında]]
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Geographically speaking, [[Carpathian mountains]] divide the [[European Plain]] in two sections: the Central Europe's [[Pannonian Plain]] in the west,<ref>{{Web kaynağı | url = http://www.christinefeehan.com/dark_series/research.php | başlık = Dark Series Research by Christine Feehan | erişimtarihi = | arşivurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20160815021105/http://www.christinefeehan.com/dark_series/research.php | arşivtarihi = 15 Ağustos 2016}}</ref> and the [[East European Plain]], which lie eastward of the Carpathians. Southwards, the [[Pannonian Plain]] is bounded by the rivers [[Sava]] and [[Danube]]- and their respective floodplains.<ref>www.icpdr.org/icpdr-files/14017</ref> This area mostly corresponds to the borders of the former [[Austro-Hungarian Monarchy]]. The [[Pannonian Plain]] extends into the following countries: [[Austria]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Croatia]], [[Hungary]], [[Romania]], [[Serbia]], [[Slovakia]], [[Slovenia]] and [[Ukraine]].
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