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{{Asker bilgi kutusu
|isim = Trabluslu Leon
|yaşadı =
|doğum_yeri =
|ölüm_tarihi = 921/2 sonrası
|ölüm_yeri =
|resim = [[Dosya:Sack of Thessalonica by Arabs, 904.png|300px]]
|başlık = 904 yılında Trabluslu Leon komutasında Araplar tarafından Selanik'in yağmalanması [[İoannis Skilicis]] vakainamesinin ''[[Madrid Skilicis]]'' versiyonunda resmedilmiştir.
|takma_adı =
|bağlılığı =
|hizmet_yılları = 904 öncesi – 921/2 sonrası
|rütbesi = Amiral
|komuta_ettikleri = [[Trablus]] valisi, [[Tarsus, Mersin|Tarsus]] vali yardımcısı
|birimleri =
|savaşları = [[Arap-Bizans savaşları]], 904 yılında [[Selanik]]'in talan edilmesi
|savaşları=
|madalya =
|sonraki_işi =
}}
'''Trabluslu Leon''' ({{lang-el|{{lang|grc|Λέων ὸ Τριπολίτης}}}}), known in [[Arapça]] as '''Rashīq al-Wardāmī''' bilinir ({{lang|ar|رشيق الوردامي}}), andve '''[[ghulamgulam|Ghulām]] Zurāfa''' ({{lang|ar|غلام زرافة}}), wasMüslümanlığa adönmüş [[Byzantine Greeks|GreekYunanlı]] [[Turncoat|renegade]]ve anderken fleet10. commander for theyüzyılda [[Abbasid CaliphateAbbasiler|Abbasi]] in the early tenthfilo centurykomutanıdır. HeEn isönemli most notable for hiseylemi [[SackBizans of Thessalonica (904)|sackİmparatorluğu]]'nun ofikinci [[Thessalonica]], theşehri [[Byzantine EmpireSelanik]]'sin second904 city,yılında intalan 904edilmesidir.▼
<!--
{{Infobox military person
| name = Leo of Tripoli
| image = File:Sack of Thessalonica by Arabs, 904.png
| image_size = 250px
| caption = The sack of Thessalonica in 904, from the ''[[Madrid Skylitzes]]''
| native_name = Lāwī Abū'l-Ḥāriṭ, Rashīq al-Wardāmī
| native_name_lang =
| birth_name = Leo
| nickname = ghulām Zurāfa, Rashīq al-Wardāmī
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date = after 921/2
| death_place =
| serviceyears = before 904 – after 921/2
| rank =
| commands = Admiral, Governor of [[Tripoli, Lebanon|Tripoli]], Deputy governor of [[Tarsus (city)|Tarsus]]
| battles = [[Arab–Byzantine wars]]: [[Sack of Thessalonica (904)|Sack of Thessalonica]]
| battles_label = Wars
| relations =
}}
-->
▲'''Trabluslu Leon''' ({{lang-el|{{lang|grc|Λέων ὸ Τριπολίτης}}}}), known in [[Arapça]] as '''Rashīq al-Wardāmī''' ({{lang|ar|رشيق الوردامي}}), and '''[[ghulam|Ghulām]] Zurāfa''' ({{lang|ar|غلام زرافة}}), was a [[Byzantine Greeks|Greek]] [[Turncoat|renegade]] and fleet commander for the [[Abbasid Caliphate]] in the early tenth century. He is most notable for his [[Sack of Thessalonica (904)|sack]] of [[Thessalonica]], the [[Byzantine Empire]]'s second city, in 904.
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== Life ==
Nothing is known of Leo's early life except that he was born in or near [[Attaleia]], the capital of the maritime [[Cibyrrhaeot Theme]], and was captured in an Arab raid and brought to [[Tripoli, Lebanon|Tripoli]]. In captivity, he converted to Islam, and entered the service of his captors as a seaman and commander.{{sfn|Vasiliev|1968|p=163}}{{sfn|Khoury Odetallah|1995|p=98}} In Arabic sources he is called '''Lāwī Abū'l-Ḥāriṭ''' and given the sobriquet '''[[ghulam|ghulām]] Zurāfa''', "servant/page of Zurafa", probably reflecting the name of his first Muslim master. He is also referred to as '''Rashīq al-Wardāmī'''. [[Alexander Vasiliev (historian)|Alexander Vasiliev]] interpreted the element ''Wardāmī'' in his second Arabic name to mean that Leo was a [[Mardaite]].{{sfn|Vasiliev|1968|p=163 (note 2)}}{{sfn|PmbZ|loc=Leon (von Tripolis) bzw. Tripolites (#24397)}}
 
The details of Leo's early career in the Muslim fleets are unknown, but he seems to have risen quickly: the historian [[Mas'udi]], who met him in person, regarded him as one of the best navigators of his time. In the Arabic sources, he appears with the generic titles of commander (''[[qa'id|qā’id]]'') or admiral (''amīr al-baḥr''), as well as governor (''ṣāḥib'') of Tripoli, and deputy governor (''[[na'ib|nā’ib]]'') of [[Tarsus (city)|Tarsus]].{{sfn|PmbZ|loc=Leon (von Tripolis) bzw. Tripolites (#24397)}}{{sfn|Khoury Odetallah|1995|pp=98–99}} Both of the latter cities were major Muslim naval centres in the late 9th century, and due to their proximity to the Byzantine Empire functioned as staging areas for the Muslim naval raids.{{sfn|Khoury Odetallah|1995|pp=97–98}}
 
In early 904, along with another Greek renegade, [[Damian of Tarsus]], Leo participated in the [[Abbasid]] campaign that wrested [[Egypt]] from the [[Tulunids]] and restored it to Abbasid control.{{sfn|Khoury Odetallah|1995|p=98}}{{sfn|Rosenthal|1985|p=151}} Leo and Damian would frequently co-operate in the next decade in their attacks on the [[Byzantine Empire]].{{sfn|Khoury Odetallah|1995|p=98}} In the summer of 904, Leo was at the head of a major Abbasid naval expedition of 54 vessels from the Syrian and Egyptian fleets, whose initial target reportedly was [[Constantinople]] itself. The Arab fleet penetrated the [[Dardanelles]] and sacked [[Abydos (Hellespont)|Abydos]], as the [[Byzantine navy]] under the ''[[droungarios]]'' [[Eustathios Argyros (admiral under Leo VI)|Eustathios Argyros]] was reluctant to confront them. Emperor [[Leo VI the Wise]] replaced Argyros with the more energetic [[Himerios (admiral)|Himerios]], but Leo of Tripoli forestalled the Byzantines, turning back west and heading for the Empire's second city, [[Thessalonica]], which he [[Sack of Thessalonica (904)|sacked]] after a three-day siege on 31 July 904. The sack of the city brought the Muslim fleet enormous booty and many captives who were taken to be sold as slaves, including the eyewitness [[John Kaminiates]], who wrote the main account of the city's siege and fall.{{sfn|PmbZ|loc=Leon (von Tripolis) bzw. Tripolites (#24397)}}{{sfn|Tougher|1997|pp=186–188}}{{sfn|Khoury Odetallah|1995|pp=98ff.}} Arab sources, confusing Thessalonica with Attaleia, erroneously report that Leo sacked the latter city.{{sfn|Khoury Odetallah|1995|p=100}}
 
It is unknown if Leo was the head of the Arab fleet defeated by Himerios on St. Thomas' Day (6 October, probably in 906),{{sfn|PmbZ|loc=Leon (von Tripolis) bzw. Tripolites (#24397)}}{{sfn|Tougher|1997|p=191}} but along with Damian of Tarsus he was in command of the Arab fleet that scored a major victory over Himerios in April 912 off [[Chios]], while he was returning from a fruitless attempt to reconquer the [[Emirate of Crete]].{{sfn|PmbZ|loc=Leon (von Tripolis) bzw. Tripolites (#24397)}}{{sfn|Kazhdan|1991|p=1216}}{{sfn|Tougher|1997|p=192}} Finally, in 921/2, the imperial navy under the ''[[patrikios]]'' and ''droungarios'' [[John Rhadenos]] defeated Leo's fleet off [[Lemnos]]. Most of the Arab fleet was destroyed and Leo himself barely escaped. He disappears from the sources after this event.{{sfn|Kazhdan|1991|p=1216}}{{sfn|PmbZ|loc=Leon (von Tripolis) bzw. Tripolites (#24397)}}{{sfn|Wortley|2010|p=211}}
-->
== Kaynakça ==
{{reflist|2}}
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