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'''Natural resources''' are naturally occurring substances that are considered valuable in their relatively unmodified ([[nature|natural]]) form. A natural resource's value rests in the amount of the material available and the [[demand]] for it. The latter is determined by its usefulness to production. A [[commodity]] is generally considered a natural resource when the primary activities associated with it are extraction and purification, as opposed to creation. Thus, [[mining]], [[petroleum]] [[extraction]], [[fishing]], [[hunting]], and [[forestry]] are generally considered natural-resource industries, while [[agriculture]] is not. The term was introduced to a broad audience by [[E.F. Schumacher]] in his 1970s book [[Small is Beautiful]].<ref>{{cite book|author=E.F. Schumacher|title=Small Is Beautiful|edition= |publisher=Hartley & Marks Publishers|year=December 1999|id=ISBN 0-88178-169-5}}</ref> The term is defined in the United States by the United States Geological Survey as "The Nation's natural resources include its minerals, energy, land, water, and biota." <ref>{{http://www.usgs.gov/themes/resource.html}}</ref>

 

 

Natural resources are mostly classified into [[renewable resource|renewable]] and [[non-renewable resources]].

 

 

{{main|Renewable resources}}

Resources can also be classified on the basis of their origin as [[life|biotic]] and [[abiotic]]. Biotic resources are derived from living organisms. Abiotic resources are derived from the non-living world (e.g., land, water, and air). Mineral and power resources are also abiotic resources some of which are derived from nature.

 

 

{{main|Non-renewable resources}}

Some non-renewable resources can be renewable but take an extremely long time to renew. Fossil fuels, for example, take millions of years to form and so are not practically considered 'renewable'. Many environmentalists proposed to [[Natural resources consumption tax|tax on consumption of non renewable resources]].

 

 

{{main|Natural capital}}

In recent years, the depletion of natural capital and attempts to move to [[sustainable development]] have been a major focus of [[development agencies]]. This is of particular concern in [[rainforest]] regions, which hold most of the Earth's natural [[biodiversity]] - irreplaceable genetic natural capital. [[energy conservation|Conservation]] of natural resources is the major focus of [[natural capitalism]], [[environmentalism]], the [[ecology movement]], and [[Green Parties]]. Some view this depletion as a major source of social unrest and conflicts in developing nations.

 

 

* [http://www4.ncsu.edu/~leung/nrrips.html Natural Resources Research Information Pages (NRRIPS)]

* [http://snre.ufl.edu/ School of Natural Resources and Environment (SNRE)]

 

 

*[[Eco-sufficiency]]

*[[Sustainable forest management]]

 

{{reflist}}

 

{{Wiktionary}}

* [http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/statistics/factsheet.htm Statistics on Natural Resources in Canada]