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19. satır:
'''Manuel Boutoumites''' ya da '''Butumites''' ({{lang-el|Μανουὴλ Βουτουμίτης}}, 1086–1112 arası etkin), [[I. Aleksios Komnenos]]'un (1081–1118 arası hükümdar) dönemi öne çıkan Bizanslı generali ve diplomatıdır. İmparatorun en çok güvendiği yardımcısıdır. [[Selçuklular]]dan İznik'in alındığı [[İznik Kuşatması|Kuşatmada]] ve [[Klikya]]'nın yeniden fethinde yer almış ve [[Birinci Haçlı Seferi]]'nde yer alın Haçlı Prenslerine giden bir çok misyonda İmparatorluk elçisi olarak katılmıştır.
 
==Selçuklulara karşı erken dönem seferleri==
[[File:Alexius I.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[I. Aleksios Komnenos]]'un (1081–1118 arası hükümdar) miyatürü.]]
 
27. satır:
 
==Birinci Haçlı Seferi ve İznik Kuşatması==
{{ana|Birinci Haçlı Seferi}}
{{ana|İznik Kuşatması}}
Aleksios, Boutoumites'e çok saygı duyuyor ve güveniyordu, Anna Komnena, onu "Aleksios'un yegane sırdaşı" olarak tanımlar. Böylece [[Birinci Haçlı Seferi]]'ne katılan haçlılar ile yapılan hassas anlaşmalarda önemli rol oynamıştır: 1096 yılında Boutoumites, kazazede Vermandois Kontu I. Hugh'a Dıraç'tan [[Konstantinopolis]]'e eşlik etmesi için gönderildi ve 1097 yılında [[Anadolu]]'da Selçuklulara karşı yürüyüşe geçen Haçlılara eşilk etmek için küçük bir müfrezenin başı olarak ayrıldı.<ref>Anna Komnena, ''Aleksiad'', ed. {{harvnb|Sewter|2003|pp=315, 331}}; {{harvnb|Runciman|1987|pp=144, 177}}.</ref>
[[Dosya:Siege of Nicaea.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Batı Avrupalılar tarafından aydınlatılmış el yazmasından İznik Kuşatması.]]
 
Haçlılar yollarındaki ilk büyük engel kuşattıkları İznik'ti. Aleksios, Boutoumites'e şehrin haçlılara değil ama imparatorluk güçlerine teslim olmasının güvence altına alınması yönünde talimat vermişti. Kuşatmanın daha en başında, Boutoumites
 
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The first great obstacle on the Crusaders' path was Nicaea, the Seljuk capital, which they proceeded to [[Siege of Nicaea|besiege]]. Boutoumites had been instructed by Alexios to secure the surrender of the city to imperial forces, and not to the Crusaders. Already from the outset of the siege, Boutoumites, through numerous letters, tried to entice the Seljuks to surrender to him, whether through promises of amnesty or threats of a wholesale massacre should the Crusaders capture the city by force. The Turks had entered negotiations, allowing Boutoumites to enter the city. Two days later, at the news of the approach of a relief force under Sultan [[Kilij Arslan I]] (r. 1092–1107), they forced him to leave.<ref>Anna Komnene, ''The Alexiad'', ed. {{harvnb|Sewter|2003|pp=331–334}}; {{harvnb|Skoulatos|1980|p=182}}; {{harvnb|Setton|Baldwin|2006|p=289}}; {{harvnb|Runciman|1987|p=179}}.</ref> After the relief force was defeated by the Crusaders, however, and as an imperial squadron under Boutoumites gained control of the city's open supply route through the [[Ascanian Lake]] and 2,000 Byzantines under Tatikios joined the Crusaders in the siege, the city's inhabitants determined to accept Alexios's terms: Boutoumites entered Nicaea and showed them the Byzantine emperor's [[chrysobull]], offering generous terms and honours for the Sultan's wife and sister, who were in the city. Boutoumites, however, kept the deal a secret, and arranged with Tatikios for a renewed assault by the Crusaders and Tatikios's men, in which the city would ostensibly be captured by the Byzantines. The ruse worked: the day of the final assault was set for June 19, but when the assault began at dawn, the Byzantines, allowed in through the lake-ward gates, raised their standards on the battlements, leaving the Crusaders outside.<ref>Anna Komnene, ''The Alexiad'', ed. {{harvnb|Sewter|2003|pp=334–338}}; {{harvnb|Skoulatos|1980|pp=182–183}}; {{harvnb|Setton|Baldwin|2006|p=290}}; {{harvnb|Runciman|1987|p=180}}.</ref>
 
Although by and large the Crusaders accepted the outcome, the event soured relations. The Crusader leaders felt cheated at having been left out of the loop after the casualties they suffered in defeating the Turkish relief force, but the resentment was greater among the Crusader rank and file, who were deprived of the prospect of plunder and outraged at the Byzantines' respectful treatment of the [[Islam|Muslim]] captives.<ref>{{harvnb|Setton|Baldwin|2006|pp=290–291}}; {{harvnb|Runciman|1987|pp=180–181}}.</ref> In the aftermath of the city's fall, Boutoumites was named by Alexios as ''[[dux|doux]]'' of Nicaea. He was successful both in keeping the Crusader rank and file, still eager for pillage, in check – they were not allowed into the city except in groups of ten – and in soothing their leaders through gifts and securing their pledge of allegiance to Alexios. He also persuaded some of the Crusaders to enroll in the Byzantine army. They were then employed in garrisoning Nicaea and repairing its walls.<ref>Anna Komnene, ''The Alexiad'', ed. {{harvnb|Sewter|2003|pp=339–340}}; {{harvnb|Runciman|1987|p=184}}.</ref><ref name="Skoulatos183">{{harvnb|Skoulatos|1980|p=183}}.</ref>