Güney Kore: Revizyonlar arasındaki fark

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Sero1988 (mesaj | katkılar)
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305. satır:
Kore'nin tarihi boyunca işgale uğramasi ve Kuzey Kore ile halen devam askeri ve siyasi gerginlik yüzünden [[SAGP]]'sinin %2,6'sını askeriye için harcıyor. Bu devlet harcamaların %15'in teşkil ediyor (Hükümetin [[GSYİH]]'deki payı: %14.967). Ayrıca erkekler için zorunlu askerlik geçerli <ref>{{cite web|author=John Pike |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/rok/budget.htm |title=Defense Budget&nbsp;– South Korea |publisher=Globalsecurity.org |date= |accessdate=October 29, 2010}}</ref>. Bu nedenle Güney Kore dünya'daki en büyük altıncı [[Asker sayısına göre ülkeler listesi|hazır ordusuna]] sahip, 2011'de toplam 650.000 aktif asker görev başındaydı <ref name="South Korea">{{cite news|title=South Korea's Armed Forces, CSIS (Page 24)|date=July 25, 2006|url=http://www.csis.org/media/csis/pubs/060626_asia_balance_powers.pdf}}</ref>. Güney Kore askeriyesi ayrıca 3,200,000 yedek askerle dünya'nın en büyük ikinci yedek asker sayısına sahip <ref name="South Korea" /> ve dünyadaki bütün ülkeler arasında [[Askeri harcamalara göre ülkeler listesi|askeri harcamalarda]] onbirinci sırayı alıyor. Kore Cumhuriyeti toplam 3.7 milyon aktif ve yedek asker sayısı ile nüfusa göre (50 milyon) kişi başına asker olma sayısında Kore Demokratik Halk Cumhuriyeti'nin <ref>Bermudez (2001), p. 1.</ref> ardından ikinci sırada yer alıyor <ref name="South Korea" />.
 
Güney Kore Ordusu [[Kore Cumhuriyeti Kara Kuvvetleri|Kara Kuvvetleri]] (ROKA), [[Kore Cumhuriyeti Deniz Kuvvetleri|Deniz Kuvvetleri]] (ROKN), [[Kore Cumhuriyeti Hava Kuvvetleri|Hava Kuvvetleri]] (ROKAF), [[Kore Cumhuriyeti Deniz Piyadesi|Deniz Piyadesi]] ve yedek askeri kuvvetlerden oluşuyor<ref>GlobalSecurity on Military of Republic of Korea, [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/rok/index.html Globalsecurity.org]</ref>. Bu kuvvetlerin çoğu Kore'nin askerden arındırılmış bölgesinde konumlanmış durumda. Devlet yasalarına göre her Güney Koreli erkek 21 ay askerlik yapmak zorunda. Önceleri sadeceebeveynlerin annesisadece veyabirisinin babasıkökeni Koreli olan erkekler zorunlu askerlikten muaf oluyorlardı ama bu yasa 2011'den sonra değistirildi.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2009/10/116_52759.html |title= Military Duty Exemption for Biracial Koreans Will Be Scrapped |work=The Korea Times |location =Seoul |author=Lee Tae-hoon |date=September 30, 2009 |accessdate=February 18, 2010}}</ref>
 
[[FileDosya:US Navy 100730-N-8539M-181 The Republic of Korea Navy guided-missile destroyer ROKS Sejong the Great (DDG 991) returns to Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam after participating in Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) 2010 exercises.jpg|thumb|[[Republic of Korea Navy|ROKN]] Sejong the Great (DDG 991), a [[King Sejong the Great class destroyer|''King Sejong the Great'']] -class [[guided-missile destroyer]]]]
 
InGüney additionKore'de tozorunlu maleaskerliğin conscriptionyanında, inayrıca Southher Korea's sovereign military,sene 1,.800 KoreanKoreli males are selected every year to serveerkek 21 months in theay [[KATUSA]] Programprogramına tokatılmak furtheriçin augmentseçiliyor; thebunun amacı [[USFK.]]'yı güçlendirmek<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/army/8army.htm |title= Eighth United States Army (EUSA)|date=December 27, 2005 |accessdate=February 6, 2010 |publisher=GlobalSecurity.org|quote=The KATUSA Program is significant not only because of the military manpower and monetary savings that it provides to the U.S. Army, but also because it represents ROK/U.S. cooperation and commitment to deter war. The KATUSA Program is symbolic of ROK/U.S. friendship and mutual support.}}</ref> In. 2010, Southyılında KoreaGüney wasKore spendingABD [[Southile Koreanyaptığı won|₩]]1.68 trillion in a costmaliyet-paylaşımı-sharinganlaşması agreementsonucu with1.69 themilyar US[[Güney toKore providewonu|₩]], budgetarybütçe supportsağlamak toamacıyla theKore'de USbulunan forcesABD ingüçlerine Korea, on top of theverdi. ₩2929.6 trillionmilyar budget forkendi itsaskeriyesi owniçin militaryharcadı.
[[File:US Navy 100730-N-8539M-181 The Republic of Korea Navy guided-missile destroyer ROKS Sejong the Great (DDG 991) returns to Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam after participating in Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) 2010 exercises.jpg|thumb|[[Republic of Korea Navy|ROKN]] Sejong the Great (DDG 991), a [[King Sejong the Great class destroyer|''King Sejong the Great'']] -class [[guided-missile destroyer]]]]
 
[[Güney Kore Kara Kuvvetleri]]nin hizmetinde bulunan toplam 2,500 tane [[tank]] var, bunların arasında [[K1A1]] ve [[K2 Black Panther]] tanklarıda bulunuyor.
In addition to male conscription in South Korea's sovereign military, 1,800 Korean males are selected every year to serve 21 months in the [[KATUSA]] Program to further augment the USFK.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/army/8army.htm |title= Eighth United States Army (EUSA)|date=December 27, 2005 |accessdate=February 6, 2010 |publisher=GlobalSecurity.org|quote=The KATUSA Program is significant not only because of the military manpower and monetary savings that it provides to the U.S. Army, but also because it represents ROK/U.S. cooperation and commitment to deter war. The KATUSA Program is symbolic of ROK/U.S. friendship and mutual support.}}</ref> In 2010, South Korea was spending [[South Korean won|₩]]1.68 trillion in a cost-sharing agreement with the US to provide budgetary support to the US forces in Korea, on top of the ₩29.6 trillion budget for its own military.
 
The [[South Korean army]] has 2,500 [[tank]]s in operation, including the [[K1A1]] and [[K2 Black Panther]], which form the backbone of the South Korean army's mechanized armor and infantry forces. A sizable arsenal of many artillery systems, including 1,700 self-propelled [[M109 howitzer|K55]] and [[K9 Thunder]] [[howitzers]] and 680 helicopters and [[UAVs]] of numerous types, are assembled to provide additional fire, reconnaissance, and logistics support. South Korea's smaller but more advanced artillery force and wide range of airborne reconnaissance platforms are pivotal in the [[Counter-battery fire|counter-battery suppression]] of North Korea's over-sized [[artillery force]], which operates more than 13,000 artillery systems deployed in various state of fortification and mobility.<ref name="South Korea" /><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/oplan-5027.htm |title= OPLAN 5027 Major Theater War&nbsp;– West}}</ref>
 
The [[South Korean navy]] has made its first major transformation into a [[blue-water navy]] through the formation of the Strategic Mobile Fleet, which includes a battle group of [[Chungmugong Yi Sun-sin class destroyer]]s, [[Dokdo class amphibious assault ship]], [[Air-independent propulsion|AIP-driven]] [[Type 214 submarine]]s, and [[King Sejong the Great class destroyer]]s, which is equipped with the latest baseline of [[Aegis combat system|Aegis fleet-defense]] system that allows the ships to track and destroy multiple cruise missiles and ballistic missiles simultaneously, forming an integral part of South Korea's indigenous missile defense umbrella against the North Korean military's missile threat.<ref>{{cite news |title= South Korea Beefs Up Anti-Air Defenses as North Blusters |url= http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/South-Korea-Beefs-Up-Anti-Air-Defenses-as-North-Blusters-05465/ |date=May 31, 2009 |work=Defense Industry Daily}}</ref>
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