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==Yaşamı==
James Legge [[Huntly, İskoçya|Huntly]]'de doğdu. Londra [[Highbury Theologicalİlahiyet CollegeKoleji]]'dende Teoloji/İlahiyatilahiyat eğitimi aldıktan sonra 1839 yılında misyoner olarak [[Çin]]'e gitti, ama. Anglo-Çin Kolejin'de görevli olarak üç yıl Malakka'da kaldı. Sonra kolej Hong Kong'a taşınınca Legge de otuz yıla yakın orada yaşadı. 1846-7 yıllarında yurduna, Huntly-Aberdeenshire'a yanında üç Çinli öğrenciyle birlikte döndü. LeggeKraliçe andViktorya thetarafından studentsda werekabul receivededildiler. byLegge Queeniki Victoriakez before his return to Hong Kongevlendi.
[[Image:James Legge missionary.jpg|thumb|left|Legge andve hisüç threeÇinli Chinese studentsöğrencisi]]
Legge married twice, first to Mary Isabella Morison (1816–1852) and after she died to a widow, Hannah Mary Willetts (d 1881, née Johnstone).
Çin kültür ve fikriyatını idrak edebilecek misyonerlere ihtiyaç olduğu inancıyla 1841 yılında [[Çin Klasik Eserleri]] külliyatını [[Wang Tao (19. yy)|Wang Tao]] ve [[Hong Rengan]]'ın yardımlarıyla ingilizceye çevirmeye başladı ve anıt halini almış olan bu çeviri eserleri ölümünden üç yıl önce tamamlayabildi ancak.
Convinced of the need for missionaries to be able to comprehend the ideas and [[culture]] of the Chinese, he began in 1841 a translation in many volumes of the [[Chinese classics]], a monumental task that he completed a few years before his death. During his residence in Hong Kong, he translated Chinese classic literature into English with the help of [[Wang Tao (19th century)|Wang Tao]] and [[Hong Rengan]], among others. He was the headmaster at [[Ying Wa College]] in Hong Kong from 1839 to 1867, and pastor of the Union Church there from 1844 to 1867.
Hong Kong'ta ''[[Çin Dizisi]]'' adlı çince çıkan bir gazeteye editörlükte yaptı. Gazete 1856 yılında kapandığında üçüncü ve son editörü Legge oldu.
He was third and final editor of the ''[[Chinese Serial]]'', the first Chinese [[newspaper]] in Hong Kong. The paper closed in May 1856.
Legge Oxsford Üniversitesi tarafından MA, Edinburgh Üniversitesi'nce de LLD fahri akademik ünvanlarına layık görüldü.
In 1867, Legge returned to [[Dollar, Clackmannanshire|Dollar]] in [[Clackmannanshire]], Scotland, where he invited Wang Tao to join him, and received his LLD from the [[University of Aberdeen]] in 1870. While in Scotland, he also revisited his native burgh, Huntly, accompanied by Wang Tao. He then returned to Hong Kong as pastor at Union Church from 1870 to 1873. He took a long trip to North China, beginning 2 April 1873 in Shanghai, arriving at Tianjin by boat, then travelling by mule cart and arriving in Peking on 16 April 1873, where he stayed at the [[London Missionary Society]] headquarters. He visited the [[Great Wall]], [[Ming Tombs]] and the [[Temple of Heaven]], where he felt compelled to take off his shoes with holy awe. He left Peking, accompanied by [[Joseph Edkins]], and headed for Shandong by mule cart to visit [[Jinan]], Taishan, where they ascended the sacred [[Mount Tai]], carried by four men on chairs. Leaving Mount Tai on May 15, they visited [[Temple of Confucius, Qufu|Confucius Temple]] and the [[Cemetery of Confucius|Forest of Confucius]] at [[Qufu]], where he climbed to the top of the Confucius' burial mound. Legge returned to Shanghai by way of the [[Grand Canal (China)|Grand Canal]], and thence to England via Japan and the USA in 1873.<ref>Norman J. Girardot, ''The Victorian Translation of China: James Legge's Oriental Pilgrimage'', pp.83–97. ISBN 0-520-21552-4.</ref> In 1875 he was named Fellow of [[Corpus Christi College, Oxford]] and in 1876 assumed the new Chair of Chinese Language and Literature at [[University of Oxford|Oxford]], where he attracted few students to his lectures but worked hard for some 20 years in his study at 3 Keble Terrace, on his translations of the Chinese classics. According to an anonymous contemporary obituary in the [[Pall Mall Gazette]], Legge was in his study every morning at three o'clock, winter and summer, having retired to bed at ten. When he got up in the morning the first thing he did was to make himself a cup of tea over a spirit-lamp. Then he worked away at his translations while all the household slept.
==Seçme Eserleri==
In his book ''The religions of China: Confucianism and Tâoism described and compared with Christianity'' published in 1880, he wrote that he encountered a mosque in [[Guangzhou|Canton]] which had a placard denouncing [[footbinding]], saying Islam did not allow it since it constituted violating the creation of God.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=fpcuAAAAYAAJ&q=mohammedan#v=snippet&q=mohammedan&f=false|title=The religions of China: Confucianism and Tâoism described and compared with Christianity|author=James Legge|year=1880|publisher=Hodder and Stoughton|location=LONDON|page=111|isbn=|pages=|accessdate=June 28, 2010}}(Original from Harvard University)</ref>
Legge's most enduring work has been ''The Chinese Classics: with a Translation, Critical and Exegetical Notes, Prolegomena, and Copious Indexes'', 5 vols., (Hong Kong: Legge; London: Trubner, 1861–1872): ▼
Legge was an ardent opponent of Britain's [[Opium|opium policy]], and was a founding member of the [[Society for the Suppression of the Opium Trade]].<ref name="Girardot2002">{{cite book|author=N. J. Girardot|title=The Victorian Translation of China: James Legge's Oriental Pilgrimage|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=FKDnM0oZUEIC&pg=PA196|accessdate=24 May 2012|date=5 September 2002|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-21552-8|pages=196}}</ref>
In addition to his other work Legge wrote ''The Life and Teaching of [[Confucius]]'' (1867); ''The Life and Teaching of [[Mencius]]'' (1875); ''The Religions of China'' (1880); and other books on Chinese literature and religion.
Legge was given an honorary MA, University of Oxford, and LLD, [[University of Edinburgh]], 1884. Legge died at [[Oxford]] in 1897 and is buried in [[Wolvercote Cemetery]]. Many of his manuscripts and letters are archived at the [[School of Oriental and African Studies]].<ref>'James Legge - A short biography' in: Forbes, Andrew; Henley, David (2012). ''The Illustrated Tao Te Ching''. Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books. ASIN: B008NNLKXC</ref>
==Selected works==
▲Legge's most enduring work has been ''The Chinese Classics: with a Translation, Critical and Exegetical Notes, Prolegomena, and Copious Indexes'', 5 vols., (Hong Kong: Legge; London: Trubner, 1861–1872):
* [http://www.archive.org/details/chineseclassics02legggoog Volume 1]: ''Confucian Analects, the Great Learning, and the Doctrine of the Mean'' (1861). [http://www.archive.org/details/chineseclassics01mencgoog Revised second edition] (1893), Oxford: Clarendon Press, reprinted by Cosimo in 2006 (ISBN 978-1-60520-643-1).
* [http://www.archive.org/details/chineseclassics02minggoog Volume 2]: ''The works of Mencius'' (1861), Revised second edition (1895), Oxford: Clarendon Press, reprinted by Dover Books in 1990 (ISBN 978-0-486-26375-5).
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